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SOMERVILLE, MARY (178o-1872)

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Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 391 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SOMERVILLE, See also:MARY (178o-1872) , See also:British scientific writer, was the daughter of See also:Admiral See also:Sir See also:William See also:George See also:Fairfax, and was See also:born on the 26th of See also:December 178o in the See also:manse of See also:Jedburgh, the See also:house of her See also:mother's See also:sister, wife of Dr See also:Thomas Somerville (1741-1830), author of My Own See also:Life and Times, whose son was her second See also:husband. She received a rather desultory See also:education, and mastered See also:algebra and See also:Euclid in See also:secret after she had See also:left school, and without any extraneous help. In 1804 she married her See also:cousin, See also:Captain See also:Samuel Greig, who died in 18o6; and in 1812 she married another cousin, Dr William Somerville (1771-186o), inspector of the See also:army medical See also:board, who encouraged and greatly aided her in the study of the See also:physical sciences. After her See also:marriage she made the acquaintance of the most eminent scientific men of the See also:time, among whom her talents had attracted See also:attention before she had acquired See also:general fame, See also:Laplace paying her the compliment of stating that she was the only woman who understood his See also:works. Having been requested by See also:Lord See also:Brougham to translate for the Society for the See also:Diffusion of Useful Knowledge the Mecanique See also:Celeste of Laplace, she greatly popularized its See also:form, and its publication in 1831, under the See also:title of The Mechanism of the Heavens, at once made her famous. Her other works are the Connexion of the Physical Sciences (1834), Physical See also:Geography (1848), and Molecular and Microscopic See also:Science (1869). Much of the popularity of her writings was due to their clear and crisp See also:style and the underlying See also:enthusiasm for her subject which pervaded them. In 1835 she received a See also:pension of £300 from See also:government. She died at See also:Naples on the 28th of See also:November 1872. In the following See also:year there appeared her See also:Personal Recollections, consisting of reminiscences written during her old See also:age, and of See also:great See also:interest both for what they reveal of her own See also:character and life and the glimpses they afford of the See also:literary and scientific society of bygone times.

End of Article: SOMERVILLE, MARY (178o-1872)

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