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STRUTT, JEDEDIAH (1726-1797)

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Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 1044 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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STRUTT, JEDEDIAH (1726-1797) , See also:British inventor and manufacturer, was See also:born at See also:South See also:Normanton, See also:Derbyshire, where his See also:father occupied a See also:farm, on the 28th of See also:July 1726. He was educated at a See also:good See also:country school, with a view to becoming a See also:farmer, but, showing See also:great aptitude for See also:mechanical arts, he was in 1740 articled for seven years to a wheelwright at Findern, near See also:Derby. Here he lodged with a hosier, Woollatt, whose daughter he married in 1755. In the meantime he had inherited, from his See also:uncle, the stock on a farm at See also:Blackwell, near south Normanton, now, and probably then, the See also:property of the See also:duke of See also:Devonshire. While in occupation of this farm his See also:brother-in-See also:law, See also:William Woollatt, brought to his See also:notice the efforts that had been unsuccessfully made to produce ribbed as well as See also:plain goods on the See also:stocking See also:frame,See also:rand here he invented Strutt's Derby ribbing See also:machine. See also:Patents were taken out by Strutt and Woollatt in 1758 and 1759. Strutt went to live at Derby, and with his brother-in-law started a factory, " Derby Patent Ribs " at once becoming popular. In 1762 Strutt and Woollatt joined See also:Samuel Need, a hosier of See also:Nottingham, and carried on there and at Derby a very successful business. In 1768 they were approached by See also:Richard See also:Arkwright (q.v.), who had been recommended by Messrs See also:Wright, bankers of Nottingham, to consult Need as to the possibilities of his See also:cotton-See also:spinning frame. Strutt at once realized its value, and was able to solve one or two See also:minor difficulties which had interrupted the smooth working of the new mechanism. The See also:firm of Arkwright, Strutt & Need started their first cotton See also:mill at Nottingham, with See also:horse See also:power. Later See also:works were erected at Cromford and, about 178o, after Strutt dissolved See also:partnership with Arkwright.. he built himself the See also:mills at See also:Belper and See also:Milford, the greater See also:part of which are still used.

The partnership with Need had terminated in 1773 with the expiration of the patents. Shortly before this Strutt had made the See also:

discovery, which revolutionized the manufacture of See also:calico, that cotton could be used throughout in its making. To See also:house the machinery for this new invention the first See also:fire-See also:proof mill in See also:England was built at Derby. In See also:order to be near his See also:work Strutt built, from his own designs, Milford House, near Belper, where he lived until 1795, when See also:ill See also:health compelled him to return to Derby. Here he died in 1797. He See also:left three sons and two daughters. His eldest son, William Strutt (1756-1830), was also of great mechanical ability. It was he who designed the calico factory above mentioned; he applied himself to the house-See also:heating problem and, finally, invented the Belper See also:stove. He also devised a self-acting spinning See also:mule, which had however no great success. He was a See also:fellow of the Royal Society. His son, See also:Edward Strutt (18o1-188o), was for some See also:time M.P. for Derby, and in 18.56 was raised to the See also:peerage with the See also:title of See also:Baron Belper of Belper.

End of Article: STRUTT, JEDEDIAH (1726-1797)

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