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XANTHUS (mod. Gunuk)

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 882 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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XANTHUS (mod. Gunuk) , an See also:ancient See also:city of See also:Lycia, on the See also:river Xanthus (Eshen Chai) about 8 m. above its mouth. It was besieged by the See also:Persian See also:general Harpagus (546 B.C.), when the See also:acropolis was burned and all the inhabitants perished (See also:Herod. i. 176). The city was afterwards rebuilt; and in 42 B.C. it was besieged by the See also:Romans under M. See also:Junius See also:Brutus. It was taken by See also:storm and set on See also:fire, and the inhabitants perished in the flames. The ruins See also:lie on a See also:plateau, high above the See also:left See also:bank of the river. The nearest See also:port is Kalamaki, whence a tedious ride of three to four See also:hours See also:round the edge of the See also:great See also:marsh of the Eshen Chai brings the traveller to Xanthus. The whole See also:plan of the city with its walls and See also:gates can be discerned. The well-preserved See also:theatre is remarkable for a break in the See also:curve of its auditorium, which has been constructed so as not to interfere with a See also:sarcophagus on a See also:pedestal and with the " See also:Harpy See also:Monument " which still stands to its full height, robbed of the reliefs of its See also:parapet (now in the See also:British Museum). In front of the theatre stands the famous See also:stele of Xanthus inscribed on all four sides in Lycian and See also:Greek.

Be-See also:

hind the theatre is a See also:terrace on which probably the See also:temple of either the Xanthian See also:Apollo or See also:Sarpedon stood. The best of the tombs—the " Payava See also:Tomb," the " Nereid Monument," the " Ionic Monument " and the " See also:Lion Tomb "—are in the British Museum, as the result of See also:Sir Chas. See also:Fellows's expedition; only their bases can be seen on the site. A See also:fine triple gateway, much polygonal See also:masonry, and the walls of the acropolis are the other See also:objects of most See also:interest. See O. Benndorf and G. Niemann, Reisen in Lykien uud Karien (1884). (D. G.

End of Article: XANTHUS (mod. Gunuk)

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