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AKHALTSIKH (Georgian Akhaltsikhe, "ne...

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Originally appearing in Volume V01, Page 456 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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AKHALTSIKH (Georgian Akhaltsikhe, "new fortress") , a fortified See also:town of See also:Russian See also:Transcaucasia, See also:government of Tiths, 68 m. E. of See also:Batum, in 410 40' N. See also:lat., 430 1' E. See also:long., on a tributary of the Kura, at an See also:altitude of 3375 ft. The new town is on the right See also:bank of the See also:river, while the old town and the fortress are on the opposite bank. There is See also:trade in See also:silk, See also:honey and See also:wax, and. See also:brown See also:coal is found in the neighbourhood. The See also:silver See also:filigree See also:work is famous. Pop. (1897) 15,387, of whom many were Armenians, as against 15,977 in 1867. From 1579 to 1828 Akhaltsikh was the See also:capital of See also:Turkish See also:Armenia. In the last-mentioned See also:year it was captured by the Russians. The See also:Turks invested it in 1853. AK-See also:HISSAR (anc. Thyateira, the " town of Thya "), a town situated in a fertile See also:plain on. the Giirduk Chai (Lycus), in the See also:Aidin vilayet, 58 m.

N.E. of See also:

Smyrna. Pop. about 20,000, Mussulmans forming two-thirds. Thyateira was an See also:ancient town re-peopled with Macedonians by Seleucus about 290 B.C. It became an important station on the See also:Roman road from See also:Pergamum to See also:Laodicea, and one of the "Seven Churches" of See also:Asia (Rev. ii. 18), but was never a See also:metropolis or honoured with a See also:neocorate, though made the centre of a conventus by See also:Caracalla. The See also:modern town is connected with Smyrna by railway, and exports See also:cotton, See also:wool, See also:opium, cocoons and cereals. The in-habitants are Greeks, Armenians and Turks. The Greeks are of an especially See also:fine type, See also:physical and moral, and noted all through See also:Anatolia for See also:energy and stability. W. M. See also:Ramsay believes them to be See also:direct descendants of the ancient See also:Christian See also:population; but there is See also:reason to think they are partly sprung from more See also:recent immigrants who moved in the 18th See also:century from western See also:Greece into the domain of the Karasmans of See also:Manisa and Bergama, as recorded by W. M.

See also:

Leake. Cotton of excellent quality is grown in the neighbourhood, and the See also:place is celebrated for its See also:scarlet dyes. See W. M. Ramsay, Letters to the Seven Churches (1904) ; M. Clerc, De See also:rebus Thyatirenorum (1893).

End of Article: AKHALTSIKH (Georgian Akhaltsikhe, "new fortress")

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