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See also:ALEXANDER VII . (Fabio Chigi), See also:pope from 1655 to 1667, was See also:born at See also:Siena on the 13th of See also:February 1599. He was successively inquisitor at See also:Malta, See also:vice-See also:legate at See also:Ferrara and See also:nuncio in See also:Cologne (1639-1651). Though expected to take See also:part in the negotiations which led in 1648 to the See also:peace of See also:Westphalia, he refused to deliberate with heretics, and protested against the See also:treaties when completed. See also:Innocent X. subsequently made him See also:cardinal secretary of See also:state. When Innocent died, Chigi, the See also:candidate favoured by See also:Spain, was elected pope on the 7th of See also:April 1655• The See also:conclave believed he was strongly opposed to the nepotism then prevalent. In the first See also:year of his reign Alexander VII. forbade his relations even to visit See also:Rome; but in 1656 he gave them the best-paid See also:civil and ecclesiastical offices, also palaces and princely estates. Alexander disliked business of state, preferring literature and See also:philosophy; a collection of his Latin poems appeared at See also:Paris in 1656 under the See also:title Philomalhi Laborer Juveniles. He also encouraged See also:architecture, and in particular constructed the beautiful See also:colonnade in the piazza of St See also:- PETER
- PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
- PETER (PEDRO)
- PETER, EPISTLES OF
- PETER, ST
Peter's. He favoured the See also:Jesuits, especially in their conflict with the Jansenists, forbade in 1661 the See also:translation of the See also:Roman See also:Missal into See also:French, and in 1665 canonized See also:Francis of Sales. His pontificate was marked by protracted controversies with See also:France and See also:Portugal. He died on the 22nd of May 1667. (W. W.
End of Article: ALEXANDER VII
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