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ALPHONSE I

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Originally appearing in Volume V01, Page 733 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ALPHONSE I ., See also:COUNT OF See also:TouLousE (1103-1148), son of Count See also:Raymond IV. by his third wife, See also:Elvira of See also:Castile, was See also:born in 1103, in the See also:castle of Mont-Pelerin, See also:Tripoli. He was surnamed Jourdain on See also:account of his being baptized in the See also:river See also:Jordan. His See also:father died when he was two years old and he remained under the guardianship of his See also:cousin, See also:Guillaume Jourdain, count of Cerdagne (d. 1109), until he was five. He was then taken to See also:Europe and his See also:brother See also:Bertrand gave him the count-See also:ship of See also:Rouergue; in his tenth See also:year, upon Bertrand's See also:death (1112), he succeeded to the countship of Toulouse and marquisate of See also:Provence,. but Toulouse was taken from him by See also:William IX., count of See also:Poitiers, in 1114. He recovered a See also:part in 1119, but continued to fight for his possessions until about 1123. When at last successful, he was excommunicated by See also:Pope See also:Calixtus II. for having expelled the monks of See also:Saint-Gilles, who had aided his enemies. He next fought for the See also:sovereignty of Provence against Raymond See also:Berenger I., and not till See also:September 1125 did the See also:war end in an amicable agreement. Under it Jourdain became See also:absolute See also:master of the regions lying between the See also:Pyrenees and the See also:Alps, See also:Auvergne and the See also:sea. His ascendancy was an unmixed See also:good to the See also:country, for during a See also:period of fourteen years See also:art and See also:industry flourished. About 1134 he seized the countship of See also:Narbonne, only restoring it to the Viscountess Ermengarde (d. 1197) in 1143.

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Louis VII., for some See also:reason which has not appeared, besieged Toulouse in 1141, but without result. Next year Jourdain again incurred the displeasure of the See also:church by siding with the rebels of See also:Montpellier against their See also:lord. A second See also:time he was excommunicated; but in 1146 he took the See also:cross at the See also:meeting of See also:Vezelay called by Louis VII., and in See also:August 1147 embarked for the See also:East. He lingered on the way in See also:Italy and probably in See also:Constantinople; but in 1148 he had arrived at See also:Acre. Among his companions he had made enemies and he was destined to take no See also:share in the crusade he had joined. He was poisoned at Caesarea, either the wife of Louis or the See also:mother of the See also:king of See also:Jerusalem suggesting the See also:draught. See the documentary Histoire generale de See also:Languedoc by De See also:Vie and Vaissette, vol. iii. (Toulouse, 1872).

End of Article: ALPHONSE I

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