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AUGUSTUS III

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Originally appearing in Volume V02, Page 916 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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AUGUSTUS III ., See also:king of See also:Poland, and, as See also:FREDERICK AUGUSTUS II., elector of See also:Saxony (1696–1763), the only legitimate son of Augustus II. (" the Strong "), was See also:born at See also:Dresden on the 17th of See also:October 1696. Educated as a See also:Protestant, he followed his See also:father's example by joining the See also:Roman See also:Catholic See also:Church in 1712, although his See also:conversion was not made public until 1717. In See also:August 1719 he married Maria Josepha, daughter of the See also:emperor See also:Joseph I., and seems to have taken very little See also:part in public affairs until he became elector of Saxony on his father's See also:death in See also:February 1733. He was then a See also:candidate for the See also:Polish See also:crown; and having See also:purchased the support of the emperor See also:Charles VI. by assenting to the Pragmatic See also:Sanction, and that of the czarina See also:Anne by recognizing the claim of See also:Russia to See also:Courland, he was elected king of Poland in October 1733. Aided by the Russians, his troops drove See also:Stanislaus Leszczynski from Poland; Augustus was crowned at See also:Cracow in See also:January 1734, and was generally recognized as king at See also:Warsaw in See also:June 1736. On the death of Charles VI. in October 1740, Augustus was among the enemies of his daughter Maria See also:Theresa, and, as a son-in-See also:law of the emperor Joseph I., claimed a portion of the See also:Habsburg territories. In 1742, however, he was induced to See also:transfer his support to Maria Theresa, and his troops took part in the struggle against Frederick the See also:Great during the Silesian See also:wars, and again when the Seven Years' See also:War began in 1756. Saxony was in that See also:year attacked by the Prussians, and with so much success that not only was the Saxon See also:army forced to capitulate at See also:Pirna in October, but the elector, who fled to Warsaw, made no See also:attempt to recover Saxony, which remained under the dominion of Frederick. When the treaty of Hubertsburg was concluded in February 1763, he returned to Saxony, where he died on the 5th of October 1763. He See also:left five sons, the eldest of whom was his successor in Saxony, Frederick See also:Christian; and five daughters, one of whom was the wife of See also:Louis, the dauphin of See also:France, and See also:mother of Louis XVI. Anotherdaughter was the wife of Charles III., king of See also:Spain, but she predeceased her father.

Augustus, who showed neither See also:

talent nor inclination for See also:government, was content to leave Poland under the See also:influence of Russia, and Saxony to the See also:rule of his ministers. He took great See also:interest in See also:music and See also:painting, and added to the collection of See also:art treasures at Dresden. See C. W. See also:Bottiger and T. Flathe, Geschichte See also:des Kurstaates and Kbnigreichs Sachsen (See also:Gotha, 1867–1873) ; R. Ropell, Polen See also:urn See also:die Mitle des z8. Jahrhunderts (Gotha, 1876).

End of Article: AUGUSTUS III

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