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BANGALORE

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 315 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BANGALORE , a See also:

city of See also:India, the See also:capital of the native See also:state of See also:Mysore, and the largest See also:British See also:cantonment in the See also:south of India. It is 3113 ft. above the See also:sea, and 219 M. W. of See also:Madras by See also:rail. Pop. (1901) 69,447. The See also:foundation of the See also:present fort was laid by a descendant of See also:Kempe-Goude, a husbandman of the neighbouring See also:country, who, probably in the 16th See also:century, had See also:left his native See also:village to avoid the tyranny of the wadeyar of that See also:place, and settled on a spot a few See also:miles to the See also:north of Bangalore. To the peaceful occupation of a See also:farmer he added that of a See also:warrior, and his first exploit was the See also:conquest of this place, where, and at Savendrug, his See also:family subsequently erected fortresses. Bangalore, with other possessions, was, however, wrested from them by See also:Bijapur. Somewhat later we find it enumerated among the jagirs of Shahji, See also:father of See also:Sivaji, the founder of the Mahratta sway; and at an See also:early See also:period of his career in the service of the Bijapur state, that adventurer seemed to have fixed his See also:residence there. It appears to have passed into the See also:possession of Venkaji, one of the sons of Shahji; but he having occupied See also:Tanjore, deemed Bangalore too distant, especially under the circumstances of the times, to be safe. He accordingly, in 1687, entered into a bargain for its See also:sale to Chikka See also:Deva, See also:raja of Mysore, for three lakhs of rupees; but before it could be completed, Kasim See also:Khan, See also:commander of the forces of See also:Aurangzeb, marched upon the place and entered it almost without resistance. This event, however, had no other result than to See also:transfer the stipulated See also:price from one vendor to another; for that See also:general, not coveting the possession, immediately delivered it over to Chikka Deva on See also:payment of the three lakhs.

In 1758, Nanjiraj, the powerful See also:

minister of the raja, caused Bangalore to be granted, as a jagir or See also:fief, to Hyder All, afterwards usurper of Mysore, who greatly enlarged and strengthened the fort, which, in 176o, on his See also:expulsion from See also:Seringapatam, served as his See also:refuge from destruction. The fort formed the traditional See also:scene of the first captivity of See also:Sir See also:David See also:Baird after See also:Baillie's defeat at Perambakam in 1780. The See also:prison See also:cell of Sir David and his See also:fellow-See also:captive is from 12 to 15 ft. square, with so See also:low a roof that a See also:man can scarcely stand upright in it. In 1791 it was stormed by a British See also:army commanded by See also:Lord See also:Cornwallis. In 1799 the See also:district was included by the treaty of Seringapatam within the territory of the restored raja of Mysore. It formed the headquarters of the British See also:administration of Mysore from 1831 to 1881. When the state of Mysore was restored to its raja in 1881, the See also:civil and military station of Bangalore was permanently reserved under British See also:jurisdiction as an " assigned See also:tract." It has an See also:area of 13 sq. m., and had in 19or a See also:population of 89,599, showing a decrease of 10 % in the See also:decade, due to See also:plague. Bangalore is the headquarters of a military district, its See also:elevation rendering it healthy for British troops, with See also:accommodation for a strong force of all arms and an See also:arsenal in the old fort. It is the headquarters of a See also:brigade in the 9th See also:division of the See also:Indian army. A considerable number of See also:European pensioners reside here. There is a See also:modern See also:palace for the maharaja. There is an aided See also:Roman See also:Catholic See also:college, besides many See also:schools for Europeans.

A permanent See also:

water-See also:supply has been introduced and there is a See also:complete See also:system of drainage. Bangalore is an important railway centre. There are several See also:cotton See also:mills. The city suffered severely from plague in 1899 and 1000. The district of Bangalore See also:borders on the Madras district of See also:Salem. The See also:main portion consists of the valley of the Arkavati See also:river, which joins the See also:Cauvery on the See also:southern frontier. Its area is 3079 sq. m. In 1901 the population was 789,664, showing an increase of 15 % in the decade. The district is crossed by several lines of railway. Outside Bangalore city there is a woollen See also:mill, which turns out blankets, See also:cloth for greatcoats, and woollen stuffs.

End of Article: BANGALORE

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