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BHOPAL

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 846 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BHOPAL , a native See also:

state of See also:India, in the central India agency. Its See also:area is 6902 sq. m., and its See also:population in 1901 was 665,961, showing a decrease of 30 % in the See also:decade. This seems to be in See also:part due to a difference in numeration, but the state suffered heavily from See also:famine in 1896-1897 and 1899-1900. Bhopal is the See also:principal Mussulman state in central India, ranking next to See also:Hyderabad among the See also:Mahommedan states of India. The -See also:surface of the See also:country is uneven, being traversed by the See also:Vindhya ranges, a See also:peak of which near Raysen is upwards of 2500 ft. above See also:sea-level. The See also:general inclination of the country is towards the See also:north, in which direction most of the streams of the state flow, while others, passing through the Vindhya ranges, flow to the See also:Nerbudda. Bhopal state was founded in 1723 by Dost Mahommed See also:Khan, an Afghan adventurer. In 1778, when General See also:Thomas Goddard made his bold See also:march across India, the state of Bhopal was the only See also:Indian See also:power that showed itself friendly; and in 1809 when another See also:British expedition under General See also:Close appeared in the same parts, the See also:nawab of Bhopal petitioned earnestly but in vain to be received under British See also:protection. But in 1817, at the outbreak of the Pindari See also:War, a treaty of dependence was concluded between the See also:chief and the British See also:government. Since then Bhopal has been steadily loyal to the British government, and during the See also:Mutiny it rendered See also:good services. The See also:throne has descended in the See also:female See also:line since 1844, when Sikandar Begum became ruler. Succeeding begums have taken a See also:great See also:interest in the See also:work of governing the state, which they carried on with marked success.

The See also:

sultan Jahan Begum, succeeded on the See also:death of her See also:mother, Shah Jahan Begum, in See also:June 1901, being the only female ruler in India. The estimated See also:revenue of the state is £z5o,000, and the statepays a See also:subsidy of f 13,000 for the Bhopal See also:battalion. Besides the Bhopal battalion, a See also:regiment of imperial service See also:cavalry is maintained, under the name of the See also:Victoria Lancers. There is a See also:branch railway from Itarsi to Bhopal See also:city, continued to See also:Jhansi. The British currency has been introduced, and in 1897-1898, Rs. 71,00,000 of Bhopali coins were converted. The See also:residence of the See also:political See also:agent and the headquarters of the Bhopal battalion are at See also:Sehore, 20 M. See also:west of Bhopal city. The city of Bhopal, a railway station, had a population in 19o1 of 76,561. The See also:palace, with its See also:rock fortress, is called Fatehgarh. An excellent See also:water-See also:supply has been provided from two large artificial lakes. There are two hospitals. There is an export See also:trade in See also:opium.

End of Article: BHOPAL

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