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See also:BOUGUER, See also:PIERRE (1698-1758) , See also:French mathematician, was See also:born on the 16th of See also:February 1698. His See also:father, See also:John Bouguer, one of the best hydrographers of his See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time, was regius See also:professor of See also:hydrography at Croisic in See also:lower See also:Brittany, and author of a See also:treatise on See also:navigation. In 1713 he was appointed to succeed his father as professor of hydrography. In 1727 he gained the See also:prize given by the Academie See also:des Sciences for his See also:paper " On the best manner of forming and distributing the masts of See also:ships "; and two other prizes, one for his dissertation " On the best method of observing the See also:altitude of stars at See also:sea," the other for his paper " On the best method of observing the variation of the See also:compass at sea." These were published in the Prix de l' See also:Academic des Sciences. In 1729 he published Essai d' optique sur la gradation de la lumiere, the See also:object of which is to define the quantity of See also:light lost by passing through a given extent of the See also:atmosphere. He found the light of the See also:sun to be 300 times more intense than that of the See also:- MOON (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maan, Dan. maane, &c., and cognate with such Indo-Germanic forms as Gr. µlip, Sans. ma's, Irish mi, &c.; Lat. uses luna, i.e. lucna, the shining one, lucere, to shine, for the moon, but preserves the word i
- MOON, SIR RICHARD, 1ST BARONET (1814-1899)
moon, and thus made some of the earliest measurements in See also:photometry. In 1730 he was made professor of hydrography at See also:Havre, and succeeded P. L. M. de See also:Maupertuis as See also:associate geometer of the Academic des Sciences. He also invented a See also:heliometer, afterwards perfected by See also:Fraunhofer. He was afterwards promoted in the See also:Academy to the See also:place of Maupertuis, and went to reside in See also:Paris. In 1735 Bouguer sailed with C.
M. de la Condamine for See also:Peru, in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order to measure a degree of the See also:meridian near the See also:equator. Ten years were spent in this operation, a full See also:account of which was published by Bouguer in 1749, Figure de la terre determinee. His later writings were nearly all upon the theory of navigation. He died on the 15th of See also:August 1758.
The following is a See also:list of his See also:principal See also:works:—Traite d'optique sur la gradation de la lumiere (1729 and 176o) Entretiens sur la cause d'inclinaison des orbites des planetes (1734) ; Traite de navire, &c. (1746, 4to); La Figure de la terre determinee, &'c. (1749), 4to; Nouveau traite de navigation, contenant la theorie et la pratique du pilotage (1753); See also:Solution des principaux problemes sur la manoeuvre des vaisseaux (1757); Operations faites pour la verification du degre du meridien entre Paris et See also:Amiens, See also:par See also:Mess. Bouguer, See also:Camus, See also:Cassini et Pingre (1757).
See J. E. See also:Montucla, Histoire des mathematiques (1802).
End of Article: BOUGUER, PIERRE (1698-1758)
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