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southern India, ranking among the seven sacred cities of India, and is remarkable for the number of its temples and shrines. Of these the old Jain See also:

temple, situated in a See also:

HAMLET

hamlet some 2 M. See also:

south of the Weavers' See also:

QUARTER (through Fr. from Lat. quartarius, fourth part)

quarter of the See also:

CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city (Pillapalaiyam), See also:

DATES

dates from the See also:

time when the Chola See also:

POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power was at its height (12th or 13th See also:

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century), and is of See also:

GREAT

great importance to the historian by See also:

REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason of the See also:

INSCRIPTIONS (from Lat. inscribere, to write upon)

inscriptions, which contain an almost perfect See also:

RECORD (Lat. recordari, to recall to mind, from cor, heart or mind)

record of the dynasties who held the See also:

COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country. Older than this temple are the Vaikuntha Perumal temple of See also:

VISHNU (Sanskrit, " the worker," from root vish, "to work ")

Vishnu and the See also:

SIVA

Siva temple of Kailasanath, which date from the time of the Pallava See also:

KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings. The great temple of Siva, dedicated to Ekambara Swami (the See also:

god with the single garment) is remark-able for its lofty towers (gopuram) and the extreme irregularity of its See also:

DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

design, through which it gains in picturesqueness what it loses in dignity. Besides the towers, it has several See also:

FINE

fine porches, great tanks approached by flights of See also:

stone steps, and the " See also:

hall of the thousand columns." This latter contains actually 540 columns, most of them elaborately carved, arranged in twenty rows. About 2 M. distant, in Little Conjeeveram, is the Varadaraja-swami Vaishnava temple, also containing a hall of pillars, beautifully carved, and possessing a wonderfully See also:

rich See also:

TREASURY

treasury of votive jewels. A See also:

mark on the See also:

wall of the inner enclosure, something like a horseshoe, is held to be the first See also:

LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

letter of the name of Vishnu. For a century or more the Tangalai and Vadagalai sects, connected with the See also:

WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship of the temple, have been quarrelling fiercely as to the See also:

FORM (Lat. forma)

form of this See also:

SYMBOL (Gr. o-uµ(3oXov, a sign)

symbol; the questions arising out of this led to much litigation, and though final See also:

JUDGMENT

judgment was given by the privy See also:

COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council, the See also:

MATTER

matter still constitutes a danger to the See also:

peace.

The See also:

general aspect of the city is pleasing, with See also:

low houses and broad streets lined with fine trees. Its only noteworthy See also:

INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry is the See also:

WEAVING

weaving of the See also:

SUPERIOR

superior See also:

SILK

silk and See also:

cotton saris worn by native See also:

WOMEN

women. Conjeeveram, a British corruption of Kanchipuram (the See also:

GOLDEN

golden city), is very See also:

ancient, having been in the See also:

early centuries of the See also:

Christian era the See also:

capital of the Pallava See also:

DYNASTY (Gr. &vvaareta, sovereignty, the position of a hevnori7r, lord, ruler, from SuvaaBay to be able, Suvaµas, power)

dynasty. The See also:

CHINESE, JAPANESE AND

Chinese traveller Hsiian Tsang, who visited it in the 7th century, says that it was then 6 m. in circumference and inhabited by a See also:

PEOPLE

people superior to any he had met in piety.and courage, love of See also:

JUSTICE (Lat. justitia)

justice and reverence for learning. In the 11th century the city was conquered by the Cholas, who held it until their overthrow by the Mussulmans in 1310, after which it See also:

fell under the sway of the kings of See also:

VIJAYANAGAR, or BIJANAGAR (" the city of victory ")

Vijayanagar. In 1646 it was taken from them by the Mussulmans, who in their turn were ousted by the See also:

MAHRATTAS

Mahrattas in 1677. Shortly afterwards the See also:

EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor Aurungzeb's forces retook the See also:

PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place, which remained in Mussulman hands until 1752, when it was captured by See also:

Clive.

End of Article: CONJEEVERAM, KANCHIPURAM

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