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JOANNA I

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 422 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JOANNA I . (c. 1327-1382), See also:queen of See also:Naples, was the daughter of See also:Charles See also:duke of See also:Calabria (d. 1328), and became See also:sovereign of Naples in See also:succession to her grandfather See also:King See also:Robert in 1343. Her first See also:husband was See also:Andrew, son of Charles Robert, king of See also:Hungary, who like the queen herself was a member of the See also:house of See also:Anjou. In 1345 Andrew was assassinated at See also:Aversa, possibly with his wife's connivance, and at once Joanna married See also:Louis, son of See also:Philip See also:prince of See also:Taranto. King Louis of Hungary then came to Naples to avenge his See also:brother's See also:death, and the queen took See also:refuge in See also:Provence—which came under her See also:rule at the same See also:time as Naples—purchasing See also:pardon from See also:Pope See also:Clement VI. by selling to him the See also:town of See also:Avignon, then See also:part of her dominions. Having returned to Naples in 1352 after the departure of Louis, Joanna lost her second husband in 1362, and married See also:James, king of See also:Majorca (d. 1375), and later See also:Otto of See also:Brunswick, prince of Taranto. The queen had no sons, and as both her daughters were dead she made Louis I. duke of Anjou, brother of Charles V. of See also:France, her See also:heir. This proceeding so angered Charles, duke of Durazzo, who regarded himself as the future king of Naples, that he seized the See also:city. Joanna was captured and was put to death at Aversa on the 22nd of May 1382.

The queen was a woman of intellectual tastes, and .was acquainted with some of the poets and scholars of her time, including See also:

Petrarch and See also:Boccaccio. See See also:Crivelli, Della prima e della seconda Giovanna, regine di Napoli (1832); G. See also:Battaglia, Giovanna I., See also:regina di Napoli (1835); W. St C. See also:Baddeley, Queen Joanna I. of Naples (1893); Scarpetta, Giovanna I. di Napoli (1903) ; and Francesca M. See also:Steele, The Beautiful Queen Joanna I. of Naples (1910).

End of Article: JOANNA I

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