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LAMPREY , a See also:fish belonging to the See also:family Petromyzontidae (from 7rETpos and See also:Ate, literally, See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
stone-suckers), which with the See also:hag-fishes or Myxinidae forms a distinct subclass of fishes, the See also:Cyclostomata, distinguished by the See also:low organization of their See also:skeleton, which is cartilaginous, without vertebral segmentation, without ribs or real jaws, and without limbs. The lampreys are readily recognized by their See also:long, See also:eel-like, scaleless See also:body, terminating anteriorly in the circular, suctorial mouth characteristic of the whole sub-class. On each See also:side, behind the See also:head, there is a See also:row of seven branchial openings, through which the See also:water is conveyed to and from the gills. By means of their mouth they fasten to stones, boats, &c., as well as to other fishes, their See also:object being to obtain a resting-See also:place on the former, whilst they attach themselves to the latter to derive nourishment from them. The inner See also:surface of their See also:cup-shaped mouth is armed with pointed See also:teeth, with which they perforate the integuments of the fish attacked, scraping off particles of the flesh and sucking the See also:blood. See also:Mackerel, See also:cod, See also:pollack and See also:flat-fishes are the kinds most frequently attacked by them in the See also:sea; of See also:river-fish the migratory Salmonidae and the See also:shad are some-times found with the marks of the teeth of the lamprey, or with the fish actually attached to them. About fifteen See also:species are known from the coasts and See also:rivers of the temperate regions of the See also:northern and See also:southern hemispheres. In See also:Great See also:Britain and See also:Europe generally three species occur, viz, the large spotted
sea-lamprey (Petromyzon See also:marinus), the river-lamprey or lampern (P. fuviatilis), and the small lampern or " See also:pride " or " See also:sand-See also:piper " (P. branchialis). The first two are migratory, entering rivers in the See also:spring to spawn; of the river-lamprey, however, specimens are met with in fresh water all the See also:year See also:round. In See also:North See also:America about ten species of lamprey occur, while in See also:South America and See also:Australasia still others are found. Lampreys, especially the sea-lamprey, are esteemed as See also:food, formerly more so than at See also:present; but their flesh is not easy of digestion. See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry I. of See also:England is said to have fallen a victim to this, his favourite dish. The species of greatest use is the river-lamprey, which as bait is preferred to all others in the cod and turbot See also:fisheries of the North Sea. See also:Yarrell states that formerly the See also:Thames alone supplied from 1,000,000 to 1,200,000 lamperns annually, but their number has so much fallen off that, for instance, in 1876 only 40,000 were sold to the cod-fishers. That year, however, was an unusually See also:bad year; the lamperns, from their scarcity, fetched £8, sos. a thousand, whilst in See also:ordinary years £5 is considered a See also:fair See also:price. The See also:season for catching 'amperns closes in the Thames about the See also:middle of See also:March. The origin of the name lamprey is obscure; it is an See also:adaptation of Fr. lamproie, Med. See also:Lat. lampreda; this has been taken as a variant of another Med. Lat. See also:form Lampetra, which occurs in ichthyological See also:works of the middle ages; the derivation from lambere petras, to lick stones, is a specimen of etymological ingenuity. The development of lampreys has received much See also:attention on the See also:part of naturalists, since Aug. See also:- MULLER, FERDINAND VON, BARON (1825–1896)
- MULLER, FRIEDRICH (1749-1825)
- MULLER, GEORGE (1805-1898)
- MULLER, JOHANNES PETER (18o1-1858)
- MULLER, JOHANNES VON (1752-1809)
- MULLER, JULIUS (18oi-1878)
- MULLER, KARL OTFRIED (1797-1840)
- MULLER, LUCIAN (1836-1898)
- MULLER, WILHELM (1794-1827)
- MULLER, WILLIAM JAMES (1812-1845)
Muller discovered that they undergo a See also:metamorphosis, and that the See also:minute See also:worm-like lamperns previously known under the name of Ammocoetes, and abundant in the sand and mud of many streams, were nothing but the undeveloped See also:young of the river-lampreys and small lamperns. See CYCLOSTOMATA.
End of Article: LAMPREY
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