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MALLARME , ST$PHANE (1842-1898), See also:French poet and theorist, was See also:born at See also:Paris, on the 18th of See also:March 1842. His See also:life was See also:simple and without event. His small income as See also:professor of See also:English in a French See also:college was sufficient for his needs, and, with his wife and daughter, he divided the See also:year between a See also:fourth-See also:floor See also:flat in Paris and a cottage on the See also:banks of the See also:Seine. His Tuesday evening receptions, which did so much to See also:form the thought of the more interesting of the younger French men of letters, were almost as important a See also:part of his career as the few carefully elaborated books which he produced at See also:long intervals. L'Apres-midi d'un faun (1876) and other fragments of his See also:verse and See also:prose had been known to a few See also:people long before the publication of the Poesies completes of 1887, in a facsimile of his clear and elegant See also:handwriting, and of the Pages of 1891 and the Vers et prose of 1893. His remarkable See also:translation of poems of See also:Poe appeared in 1888, " The See also:Raven " having been published as See also:early as 1875, with illustrations by See also:Manet. Divagations, his own final edition of his prose, was published in 1897, and a more or less See also:complete edition of the Poesies, posthumously, in 1899. He died at Valvins, See also:Fontainebleau, on the 9th of See also:September 1898. All his life Mallarme was in See also:search of a new See also:aesthetics, and his discoveries by the way were often admirable. But he was too See also:critical ever to create freely, and too limited ever to create abundantly. His See also:great achievement remains unfinished, and all that he See also:left towards it is not of equal value. There are a few poems and a few pieces of imaginative prose which have the haunting quality of Gustave See also:Moreau's pictures, with the same jewelled magnificence, mysterious and yet definite. His later See also:work became more and more obscure, as he seemed to himself to have abolished limit after limit which holds back speech from the expression of the See also:absolute. Finally, he abandoned See also:punctuation in verse, and invented a new punctuation, along with a new construction, for prose. See also:Patience in the study of so difficult an authorhas its See also:reward. No one in our See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time has vindicated with more See also:pride the self-sufficiency of the artist in his struggle with the material See also:world. To those who knew him only by his writings his conversation was startling in its clearness; it was always, like all his work, at the service of a few dignified and misunderstood ideas.
See also See also:Paul See also:Verlaine, See also:Les Poetes maudits (1884) ; J. See also:Lemaitre, Les Contemporains (5th See also:series, 1891) ; See also:Albert Moekel, See also:Stephan Mallarme, un heros (1899) ; E. W. See also:Gosse, French Profiles (19o5) and A. See also:Symons, The Symbolist See also:Movement in Literature (1900). A complete bibliography is given in the Potes d'aujourd'hui (1880-1900, 1thed., 1905) of MM. A. See also:van Bever and P. Leautaud. (A.
End of Article: MALLARME
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