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METEORA

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 262 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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METEORA , a See also:

group of monasteries in See also:Thessaly, in the See also:northern See also:side of the Peneius valley, not quite 20 M. N.E. of See also:Trikkala, and near the See also:village of Kalabaka (the See also:ancient Aeginium, See also:medieval Stagus or Stagoi). From the Cambunian See also:chain two masses of See also:rock are thrust southward into the See also:plain, surmounted by isolated columns from 85 to 30o ft. high, " some like gigantic tusks, some like See also:sugar-loaves, and some like vast stalagmites," but all consisting of See also:iron-See also:grey or reddish-See also:brown See also:conglomerate of See also:gneiss, See also:mica-See also:slate, See also:syenite and See also:green-See also:stone. The monasteries stand on the See also:summit of these pinnacles; they are accessible only by aid of rope and See also:net worked by a windlass from the See also:top, or by a See also:series of almost perpendicular ladders climbing the cliff. In the See also:case of St See also:Stephen's, the See also:peak on which it is built does nor rise higher than the ground behind, from which it is separated by a deep, narrow chasm, spanned by a drawbridge. Owing to the confined See also:area, the buildings are closely packed, together; but each monastery contains beside the monks' cells and See also:water-cisterns, at least one See also:church and a See also:refectory, and some also a library. At one See also:time they were fourteen in number, but now not more than four (the See also:Great Monastery, See also:Holy Trinity, St Barlaam's and St Stephen's) are inhabited by more than two or three monks. The See also:present church of the Great Monastery was erected, according to See also:Leake's See also:reading of the See also:local inscription, in 1388 (Bjornstahl, the See also:Swedish traveller, had given 1371), and it is one of the largest and handsomest in See also:Greece. A number of the See also:manuscripts from these monasteries have now been brought to the See also:National Library at See also:Athens: Aeginium is described by See also:Livy as a strong See also:place, and is frequently mentioned during the See also:Roman See also:wars; and Stagus appears from time to time in See also:Byzantine writers. See W. M. Leake, Northern Greece (4 vols., See also:London, 1835) ; See also:Professor Kriegk in Zeitschr. f. allg.

Erdk. (See also:

Berlin, 1858) ; H. F. Tozer, Re-searches in the See also:Highlands of See also:Turkey (1869) ; L. Heuzey and H. Daumet, See also:Mission archeologique de Macedoine (See also:Paris, 1876), where there is a See also:map of the monasteries and their surroundings; See also:Guide-Joanne; Grece, vol. ii. (Paris, 1891).

End of Article: METEORA

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