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MONGHYR

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 710 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MONGHYR , a See also:

town and See also:district of See also:British See also:India, in the See also:Bhagalpur See also:division of See also:Bengal. The town is on the right See also:bank of the See also:Ganges, and has a railway station, with See also:steam See also:ferry to the railway on the opposite bank of the See also:river. Pop. (1901), 35,880. In 1195 Monghyr, a fortress of See also:great natural strength, appears to have- been taken by Mahommed Bakhiyar Khilji, the first Moslem conqueror of Bengal. Henceforth it is often mentioned by the See also:Mahommedan chroniclers as a See also:place of military importance, and was frequently chosen as the seat of the See also:local See also:government. After 1590, when See also:Akbar established his supremacy over the Afghan chiefs of Bengal, Monghyr was See also:long the headquarters of his See also:general, Todar Mal; and it also figures prominently during the See also:rebellion of See also:Sultan Shuja against his See also:brother, See also:Aurangzeb. In more See also:recent times See also:Nawab Mir Kasim, in his See also:war with the See also:English, selected it as his See also:residence and the centre of his military preparations. Monghyr is famous for its manufactures of See also:iron: firearms, swords, and iron articles of every See also:kind are produced in abundance but are noted for cheapness rather than quality. The See also:art of See also:inlaying See also:sword-hilts and other articles with See also:gold and See also:silver affords employment to a few families. The DISTRICT of 1VIUTvcuYR has an See also:area of 3922 sq. m. The Ganges divides it into two portions.

The See also:

northern, intersected by the Burhi See also:Gandak and Tiljuga, two important tributaries of the Ganges, is always liable to inundation during the See also:rainy See also:season, and is a See also:rich, See also:flat, See also:wheat and See also:rice See also:country, supporting a large See also:population. A considerable area, immediately bordering the See also:banks of the great See also:rivers, is devoted to permanent pasture. Immense herds of buffaloes are sent every hot season to graze on these marshy prairies; and the ghi, or clarified See also:butter, made from their See also:milk forms an important See also:article of export to See also:Calcutta. To the See also:south of the Ganges the country is dry, much less fertile, and broken up by fragmentary ridges. See also:Irrigation is necessary throughout the See also:section lying on the south of the Ganges. The population in 1901 was 2,068,804, showing an increase of 1.6% in the See also:decade. The See also:principal exports sent to Calcutta, both by See also:rail and by river, are oil-seeds, wheat, rice, See also:indigo, See also:grain and See also:pulse, hides and See also:tobacco; and the See also:chief imports consist of See also:European piece-goods, See also:salt and See also:sugar. The See also:southern portion of the district is well provided with See also:railways. At Lakhisarai junction the arc and chord lines of the See also:East See also:Indian railway See also:divide, and here also starts the See also:branch to Gaya. At Jamalpur, which is the junction for Monghyr, are the See also:engineering workshops of the See also:company. In the See also:early years of British See also:rule Monghyr formed a See also:part of Bhagalpur, and was not created a See also:separate district till 1832. See Monghyr District Gazetteer (Calcutta, 1909).

End of Article: MONGHYR

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