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SACHS, HANS (1494-1576)

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 972 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SACHS, HANS (1494-1576) , See also:German poet and dramatist, was See also:born at See also:Nuremberg on the 5th of See also:November 1494. His See also:father was a tailor, and he himself was trained to the calling of a shoemaker. Before this, however, he received a See also:good See also:education at the Latin school of Nuremberg, which See also:left behind it alasting See also:interest in the stories of antiquity. In the See also:spring of 1509 he began his See also:apprenticeship, and was at the same See also:time initiated into the See also:art of the Meistersingers by a See also:weaver, Leonhard Nunnenpeck. In 151 he set out on his Wanderjahre, and workedat his See also:craft in many towns, including See also:Regensburg, See also:Passau, See also:Salzburg, See also:Munich, See also:Osnabruck, See also:Lubeck and See also:Leipzig. In 1516 he returned to Nuremberg, where he remained during the See also:rest of his See also:life, working steadily at his handiwork and devoting his leisure time to literature. In 1517 he became See also:master of his gild and in 1519 married. The See also:great ,event of his intellectual life was the coming of the See also:Reformation; he became an ardent adherent of See also:Luther, and in 1523 wrote in Luther's See also:honour the poem beginning See also:Die wittenbergisch Nachtigall, Die See also:man jetzt horet uberall, and four remarkable dialogues in See also:prose, in which his warm sympathy with the reformer is tempered by counsels of moderation. In spite of this, his advocacy of the new faith brought upon him a reproof from the See also:town See also:council of Nuremberg; and he was forbidden to publish any more Brichlein See also:oder Reimen. It was not See also:long, however, before the council itself openly threw in its See also:lot with the Reformation. After the See also:death of Hans Sachs's first wife in 156o he married again. His death took See also:place on the 19th of See also:January 1576.

Hans Sachs was an extraordinarily fertile poet. By the See also:

year. 1567 he had composed, according to his own See also:account, 4275 Meisterlieder, 1700 tales and fables in See also:verse, and 208 dramas, which filled no fewer than 34 large See also:manuscript volumes; and this was. not all, for he continued See also:writing until 1573. The Meisterlieder were not printed, being intended solely for the use of the Nuremberg See also:Meistersinger school, of which Sachs was the' leading spirit. His fame rests mainly on the Spruchgedichte, which include his dramatic writings. His ` tragedies"' and`comedies " are,,however, little more than stories told in See also:dialogue, and divided at convenient pauses into a varying number of acts; of the essentials of dramatic construction or the nature of dramatic See also:action Sachs has little See also:idea. The subjects are See also:drawn from the most varied See also:sources, the See also:Bible, the See also:classics and the See also:Italian novelists being especially laid under contribution. He succeeds best in the See also:short anecdotal Fastnachtsspiel or Shrovetide See also:play, where characterization and humorous situation are of See also:mere importance than dramatic See also:form or construction. `Farces like Der fahrende Schuler See also:im Paradies (155o)DasWildbad (1550), Dasheiss Eisen (1551), Der See also:Bauer im Fegefeuer (1552) are inimitable in their way, and have even been played with success on the See also:modern See also:stage. Hans Sachs himself made a, beginning to an edition of his collected, writings by See also:publishing three large See also:folio volumes (1558-1561); after his death two other volumes appeared (1578, 1579). A See also:critical edition has been published by the See also:Stuttgart Literarischer Verein, edited-by A. von See also:Keller and E. Goetze (23 vols., 187o-1896) ; Sdmtliche Fastnachtsspiele, ed. by E.

Goetze (7 vols., 188o-1887) ; Semtlicke Fabeln and Schwi nke, by the same (3 vols., 1893). There are, also See also:

editions of selected writings by J.,Tittmann (3 vols., 187o-1871; new ed., 1883-1885) and B. See also:Arnold (2 vols., 1885). See E. K. J. Lutzelberger, Hans Sachs (1876); C. See also:Schweitzer, Etude sur la See also:vie et See also:les oeuvres de Hens Sachs (1887) ; K. Drescher, Hans -Sachs-Studien (1890, 1891); E. Goetze, Hans Sachs (1891); A. L. Stiefel, Hans Sachs-Forschungen (1894) ; R.

Genee, Hans Sachs and See also:

seine Zeit (1894; end ed., .1902); E.

End of Article: SACHS, HANS (1494-1576)

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