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SAO LUIZ , or in full, SAo Lutz DE See also:MARANHAO (also spelt MARANIAM), a seaport of See also:northern See also:Brazil, See also:capital of the See also:state of Maranhao, on the W. See also:side of an See also:island of the same name, in 2° 30' S., 440 17' W., about 300 M. E.S.E. of Belem (Path). Pop. of the whole island (1890) 29,308; (1908, estimate) 32,000. An important See also:part of the See also:population is made up of the planters of the state, who live in See also:town and leave their estates to the care of overseers. The island of Maranhao lies off the mouths of the See also:rivers Mearim and Itapicurfi, between the See also:Bay of Sao Marcos on the W. and the Bay of Sao Jose on the E., and is separated from the mainland by a small channel called the See also:Canal do See also:Mosquito. It is irregular in outline, its greatest length from N.E. to S.W. being 34 m., and its greatest breadth 19 m. Its See also:surface is broken by a number of See also:low hills and See also:short valleys. The See also:city is built upon aetongue of See also:land between two small estuaries, Anil and Bacanga, which unite and open upon the Bay of Sao Marcos. It covers two low hills and the intervening valley, the transverse streets sloping sharply to the See also:estuary on either side. These slopes make it difficult to use vehicles in the streets, but they afford a natural surface drainage which makes Sao Luiz cleaner and more healthy than the See also:coast towns of tropical Brazil usually are. The city is regularly laid out with comparatively wide See also:longitudinal, and steep, narrow transverse streets, roughly paved and provided with sidewalks. The buildings are of the old Portuguese type, with massive walls of broken See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
stone and See also:mortar, having an outside finish of See also:plaster or glazed tiles and See also:roofs of red tiles. The See also:principal public buildings are the See also:cathedral, a large and severely See also:plain structure, the episcopal See also:palace, the Carmelite See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church, the See also:government palace, town See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
hall, See also:custom-See also:house, See also:hospital, and a number of asylums, convents and charitable See also:schools. An excellent See also:lyceum and a church See also:seminary are the most important educational institutions, and Sao Luiz See also:long enjoyed a high reputation in Brazil for the culture of its in-habitants. The See also:trade of Sao Luiz was once very important, but the commercial activity of See also:Para and See also:Fortaleza, the decay of agricultural See also:industry in the state, and the silting up of its See also:harbour, have occasioned a decline in its See also:commerce. Its exports comprise See also:cotton, See also:sugar and See also:rice. Communication with the mainland and interior towns is by means of small steamers.
Sao Luiz was founded in 1612 by La Rivardiere, a See also:French officer commissioned by See also:Henri IV. to establish a See also:colony in this vicinity. The French colony was expelled in 1615 by the Portuguese, who, in turn, surrendered to the Dutch in 1641. In 1644 the Dutch abandoned the island, when the Portuguese resumed See also:possession and held the city to the end of their colonial See also:rule in Brazil. The city became the seat of a bishopric in 1679.
End of Article: SAO LUIZ
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