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SCHENKEL, DANIEL (1813—1885)

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Originally appearing in Volume V24, Page 320 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SCHENKEL, See also:DANIEL (1813—1885) , Swiss See also:Protestant theologian, was See also:born at Dagerlen in the See also:canton of See also:Zurich on the 21st of See also:December 1813. After studying at See also:Basel and See also:Gottingen he was successively pastor at See also:Schaffhausen (1841), See also:professor of See also:theology at Basel (1849); and at See also:Heidelberg professor of theology (1851), director of the See also:seminary and university preacher. At first inclined to conservatism, he afterwards became an exponent of the mediating theology (Vermittelungs-theologie), and ultimately a liberal theologian and advanced critic. Associating himself with the " See also:German Protestant See also:Union " (Deutsche Protestanten-verein), he defended the community's claim to See also:autonomy, the cause of universal See also:suffrage in the See also:church and the rights of the laity. From 1852 to 1859 he edited the Allgemeine Kirchenzeitung, and from 1861 to 1872 the Allgemeine Kirchliche Zeitschrift, which he had founded in 1859. In 1867, with a view to popularizing the researches and results of the Liberal school, he undertook the editorship of a Bibel-See also:Lexicon (5 vols., 1869—1875), a See also:work which was so much in advance of its See also:time that it is still useful. In his Das Wesen See also:des Protestantismus aus den Quellen des Ref ormationszeitalters beleuchtet (3 vols. 1846—1851, 2nd ed. 1862), he declares that Protestantism is a principle which is always living and active, and not something which was realized once and for all in the past. He contends that the task of his See also:age was to struggle against the See also:Catholic principle which had infected Protestant theology and the church. In his Christliche Dogmatik (2 vols., 1858—1859) he argues that the See also:record of See also:revelation is human and was historically conditioned: it can never be absolutely perfect; and that See also:inspiration, though originating directly with See also:God, is continued through human instrumentality. His Charakterbild Jesu (1864, 4th ed.

1873; Engl. trans. from 3rd ed., 1869), which appeared almost simultaneously with D. See also:

Strauss's Leben Jesu, met with fierce opposition. The work is considered too subjective and fanciful, the See also:great See also:fault of the author being that he lacks the impartiality of See also:objective See also:historical insight. Yet, as See also:Pfleiderer says, the work " is full of a passionate See also:enthusiasm for the See also:character of Jesus." The author rejects all the miracles except those of healing, and these he explains psychologically. His See also:main purpose was to modernize and reinterpret See also:Christianity; he says in the See also:preface to the third edition of the See also:book: " I have written it solely in the service of evangelical truth, to win to the truththose especially who have been most unhappily alienated from the church and its interests, in a great measure through the fault of a reactionary party, blinded by hierarchical aims." Schenkel died on the 18th of May 1885. Other See also:works: See also:Friedrich See also:Schleiermacher. Ein Lebens- and Charaklerbild (1868) ; Christentum and Kirche (2 vols., 1867–1872) ; See also:Die Grundlehren des Christentums aus dem Bewusstsein des Glaubens dargestellt (1877); and Das Christusbild der Apostel and der nachapostolischen Zeit (1879). See See also:Herzog-Hauck, Realencyklopadie, See also:Otto Pfleiderer, Development of Theology (189o); and F. Lichtenberger, See also:History of German Theology (1889). (M. A.

End of Article: SCHENKEL, DANIEL (1813—1885)

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