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SMITHSON, JAMES (1765-1829)

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Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 273 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SMITHSON, See also:JAMES (1765-1829) , See also:British chemist and mineralogist and founder of the Smithsonian Institution at See also:Washington, a natural son of See also:Hugh Smithson, 1st See also:duke of See also:Northumberland, by Mrs See also:Elizabeth See also:Keate Macie, a granddaughter of See also:Sir See also:George See also:Hungerford of Studley, was See also:born in See also:France in 1765. He was educated at See also:Pembroke See also:College, See also:Oxford, where he graduated in 1786, and was known in See also:early See also:life as James See also:Lewis (or See also:Louis) Macie. He took the name of James Smithson about the See also:year 1800. His See also:attention was given to See also:chemistry and See also:mineralogy, and he published analyses of calamines and other papers in the See also:Annals of , See also:Philosophy and Phil: Trans. The See also:mineral name smithsonite " was originally given in his See also:honour by See also:Beudant to See also:zinc carbonate, but having also been applied to the silicate, the name is now rarely used. In 1784 he accompanied Faujas St Fond in his See also:journey to the Western Isles, and in the See also:English See also:translation of the Travels in See also:England, See also:Scotland and the See also:Hebrides (1799) Smithson is spoken of as " M. de Mecies of See also:London." He was elected F.R.S. in 1787. He died at See also:Genoa on the 27th of See also:June 1829. By his will he bequeathed upwards of £1oe,eoo to the See also:United States of See also:America to 'found the Smithsonian Institution. The institution (see below) was founded by See also:act of See also:Congress on the loth of See also:August 1846. " See " James Smithson and his See also:Bequest (with portraits), by W. J. Rhees, and " The Scientific Writings of James Smithson," edited by W.

J. Rhees, Smithsonian Misc. See also:

Coll., vol. xxi. (1879 188o).

End of Article: SMITHSON, JAMES (1765-1829)

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