Online Encyclopedia
Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition.
BANAT (Hungarian Bansdg)
Online EncyclopediaEncyclopedia Home :: BAI-BAR
del.icio.us it!
|
See also:BANAT (Hungarian Bansdg) , a See also:district in the See also:south-See also:east of See also:Hungary, consisting of the counties of Torontal, Temes and Krasso-Szoreny. The See also:term, in Hungarian, means generally a frontier See also:province governed by a See also:ban and is See also:equivalent to the See also:German term See also:Mark. There were in Hungary several banats, which disappeared during the See also:Turkish See also:wars, as the banat of See also:Dalmatia, of Slavonia, of Bosnia and of Croatia. But when the word is used without any other qualification, it indicates the See also:Temesvar banat, which strangely acquired this See also:title after the See also:peace of Passarowitz (1718), though it was never governed by a ban. The Banat is bounded E. by the Transylvanian See also:Alps, S. by the See also:Danube, W. by the See also:Theiss and N. by the Maros, and has an 'ms: See also:Banana (Musa sapientum). See also:area of 11,26o sq. m. It is mountainous in the south and south-east, while in the See also:north, See also:west and south-west it is See also:flat and in some places marshy. The See also:climate, except in the marshy parts, is generally healthy. It is well-watered, and forms one of the most fertile districts of Hungary. See also:Wheat, See also:barley, oats, See also:rye, See also:maize, See also:flax, See also:hemp and See also:tobacco are grown in large quantities, and the products of the vineyards are of a See also:good quality. See also:Game is plentiful and the See also:rivers swarm with See also:fish. The See also:mineral See also:wealth is See also:great, including See also:copper, See also:tin, See also:lead, See also:zinc, See also:iron and especially See also:coal. Amongst its numerous mineral springs, the most important are those of See also:Mehadia, with sulphurous See also:waters, which were already known in the See also:Roman See also:period as the Thermae Herculis. The Banat had in 1900 a See also:population of 1,431,329 inhabitants. According to See also:nationality there were 578,789 Rumanians, 362,487 Germans, 251,938 Servians and 170,124 See also:Magyars. The See also:chief See also:town is Temesvar (pop. 53,033), and other places of importance are See also:Versecz (25,199), See also:Lugos (16,126), Nagybecskerek (26,407), See also:Nagykikinda (24,843) and Pancsova (19,044). The Banat was conquered by the See also:Turks in 1552, and remained a Turkish sanjak (province) till 1716, when See also:Prince See also:Eugene of See also:Savoy liberated it from the Turkish yoke. It received the title of Banat after the peace of Passarowitz (1718), and remained under a military See also:administration until 1751, when Maria See also:Theresa introduced a See also:civil administration. During the Turkish occupation the district was nearly depopulated, and. allowed to See also:lie almost desolate in See also:marsh and See also:heath and See also:forest. See also:Count See also:Claudius See also:Mercy (1666—1734), who was appointed See also:governor of Temesvar in 1720, took numerous See also:measures for the regeneration of the Banat. The marshes hear the Danube and Theiss were cleared, roads and canals were built at great expense of labour, German artisans and other settlers were attracted to colonize the district, and See also:agriculture and See also:trade encouraged. Maria Theresa also took a great See also:interest in the Banat, colonized the See also:land belonging to the See also:crown with German peasants, founded many villages, encouraged the exploitation of the mineral wealth of the See also:country, and generally See also:developed the measures introduced by Mercy. In 1779 the Banat was again incorporated with Hungary. After the revolution of 1848—1849, the Banat together with another See also:county (Bats) was separated from Hungary, and created into a distinctive See also:Austrian crown land, but in 186o it was definitely incorporated with Hungary. See Leonhard Bohm, Geschichte See also:des Temeser Banats (2 vols.,See also:Leipzig, 1861); Johann Heinrich Schwicker, Geschichte des Temeser Banats (Pest, 1872). Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML. Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide. |
|
|
[back] BANAS |
[next] BANATE (a corruption of Panaiti, their real name), ... |