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BOLESLAUS II ., called " The Bold," See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Poland (1039-1o81), eldest son of Casimir I., succeeded his See also:father in 1058. The domestic See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order and tranquillity of the See also:kingdom had been restored by his painstaking father, but Poland had shrunk territorially since the See also:age of his grandfather Boleslaus I., and it was the aim of Boleslaus II. to restore her dignity and importance. The nearest enemy was Bohemia, to whom Poland had lately been compelled to pay See also:tribute for her See also:oldest See also:possession, See also:Silesia. But Boleslaus's first Bohemian See also:war proved unsuccessful, and was terminated by the See also:marriage of his See also:sister Swatawa with the See also:Czech king Wratyslaus II. On the other See also:hand Boleslaus's ally, the fugitive Magyar See also:prince See also:Bela, succeeded with See also:Polish assistance in winning the See also:crown of See also:Hungary. In the See also:East Boleslaus was more successful. In Io69 he succeeded in placing Izaslaus on the See also:throne of See also:Kiev, thereby confirming Poland's overlordship over See also:Russia and enabling Boleslaus to chastise his other enemies, Bohemia among them, with the co-operation of his See also:Russian auxiliaries. But Wratyslaus of Bohemia speedily appealed to the See also:emperor for help, and a war between Poland and the See also:Empire was only prevented by the sudden rupture of See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry IV. with the See also:Holy See and the momentous events which led to the humiliating surrender of the emperor at See also:Canossa. There is nothing to show that BoIeslaus took any See also:part in this struggle, though at this See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time he was on the best of terms with See also:- GREGORY
- GREGORY (Gregorius)
- GREGORY (Grigorii) GRIGORIEVICH ORLOV, COUNT (1734-1783)
- GREGORY, EDWARD JOHN (1850-19o9)
- GREGORY, OLINTHUS GILBERT (1774—1841)
- GREGORY, ST (c. 213-C. 270)
- GREGORY, ST, OF NAZIANZUS (329–389)
- GREGORY, ST, OF NYSSA (c.331—c. 396)
- GREGORY, ST, OF TOURS (538-594)
Gregory VII. and there was some talk of sending papal legates to restore order in the Polish See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church. On the 26th of See also:December Io76 Boleslaus encircled his own brows with the royal diadem, a striking See also:- PROOF (in M. Eng. preove, proeve, preve, &°c., from O. Fr . prueve, proeve, &c., mod. preuve, Late. Lat. proba, probate, to prove, to test the goodness of anything, probus, good)
proof that the Polish See also:kings did not even yet consider their See also:title quite secure. A second successful expedition to Kiev to reinstate his protege Izaslaus, is Boleslaus's last recorded exploit. Almost immediately afterwards (1079) we find him an See also:- EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)
exile in Hungary, where he died about Io8r.
The cause of this sudden See also:eclipse was the cruel vengeance he took on the milites, or See also:noble order, who, emulating the example of their brethren in Bohemia, were already attempting to curb the royal See also:power. The churchmen headed by See also:Stanislaus Szczepanowski, See also:bishop of See also:Cracow, took the See also:side of the nobles, whose grievances seem to have been real. Boleslaus in his fury slew the saintly bishop, but so See also:general was the popular indignation that he had to See also:fly his kingdom.
See M. Maksymilian Gumplowicz, Zur Geschichle Polens See also:im Mittelalter (See also:Innsbruck, 1898): W. P. Augerstein, Der Konflikt See also:des polnischen Konigs Boleslaw H. mit See also:dens Bischof Stanislaus (See also:Thorn, 1895).
End of Article: BOLESLAUS II
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