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CARLILE, RICHARD (1790-1843)

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 339 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CARLILE, See also:RICHARD (1790-1843) , See also:English freethinker, was See also:born on the 8th of See also:December 1790, at See also:Ashburton, See also:Devonshire, the son of a shoemaker. Educated in the See also:village school, he was apprenticed to a tinman against whose harsh treatment he frequently rebelled. Having finished his See also:apprenticeship, he obtained occupation in See also:London as a journeyman tinman. Influenced by See also:reading See also:Paine's Rights of See also:Man, he became an uncompromising See also:radical, and in 1817 started pushing the See also:sale of the See also:Black See also:Dwarf, a new weekly See also:paper, edited by See also:Jonathan Wooler, all over London, and in his zeal to secure the dissemination of its doctrines frequently walked 30 m. a See also:day. In the same See also:year he also printed and sold 25,000 copies of See also:Southey's Wat See also:Tyler, reprinted the suppressed Parodies of See also:Hone, and wrote himself, in See also:imitation of them, the See also:Political See also:Litany. This See also:work cost him eighteen See also:weeks imprisonment. In 1818 he published Paine's See also:works, for which and for other publications of a like See also:character he was fined £1500, and sentenced to three years' imprisonment in See also:Dorchester See also:gaol. Here he published the first twelve volumes of his periodical the Republican. The publication was continued by his wife, who was accordingly sentenced to two years' imprisonment in 1821. A public subscription, headed by the See also:duke of See also:Wellington, was now raised to prosecute Carlile's assistants. At the same See also:time Carlile's See also:furniture and stock-in-See also:trade in London were seized, three years were added to his imprisonment in lieu of See also:payment of his See also:fine, his See also:sister was fined 500 and imprisoned for a year for See also:publishing an address by him, and nine of his shopmen received terms of imprisonment varying from six months to three years. In 1825 the See also:government decided to discontinue the prosecutions.

After his See also:

release in that year Carlile edited the See also:Gorgon, a weekly paper, and conducted See also:free discussions in the London Rotunda. For refusing to give sureties for See also:good behaviour after a See also:prosecution arising out of a refusal to pay See also:church rates, he was again imprisoned for three years, and a similar resistance cost him ten weeks' more imprisonment in 1834–1835. He died on the loth of See also:February 1843, after having spent in all nine years and four months in See also:prison.

End of Article: CARLILE, RICHARD (1790-1843)

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