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CARNAC

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 360 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CARNAC , a See also:

village of See also:north-western See also:France, in the See also:department of See also:Morbihan and See also:arrondissement of See also:Lorient, 9 M. S.S.W. of See also:Auray by road. Pop. (1906) 667. Carnac has a handsome See also:church in the See also:Renaissance See also:style of See also:Brittany, but it owes its celebrity to the See also:stone monuments in its vicinity, which are among the most extensive and interesting of their See also:kind (see STONE MONUMENTS). The most remarkable consist of See also:long avenues of menhirs or See also:standing stones; but there is also a profusion of other erections, such as dolmens and barrows, throughout the whole See also:district. About See also:half a mile to the north-See also:west of the village is the Menec See also:system, which consists of eleven lines, See also:numbers 874 menhirs, and extends a distance of 3376 ft. The terminal circle, whose longest See also:diameter is 300 ft., is somewhat difficult to make out, as it is broken by the houses and gardens of a little See also:hamlet. To the See also:east-north-east there is another system at Kermario (See also:Place of the Dead), which consists of 855 stones, many of them of See also:great size—some, for example, 18 It. in height —arranged in ten lines and extending about 4000 ft. in length. Still further in the same direction is a third system at Kerlescan (Place of Burning), composed of 262 stones, which are distributed into thirteen lines, terminated by an irregular circle, and altogether extend over a distance of r000 ft. or more. These three systems seem once to have formed a continuous See also:series; the menhirs, many of which have been broken up for road-mending and other purposes, have diminished in number by some See also:thou-sands in See also:modern times. The See also:alignment of Kermario points to the dolmen of Kercado (Place of St Cado), where there is also a See also:barrow, explored in 1863; and to the See also:south-east of Menec stands the great See also:tumulus of Mont St See also:Michel, which See also:measures 377 ft. in length, and has a height of 65 ft.

The tumulus, which is crowned with a See also:

chapel, was excavated by Rene Galles in 1862; and the contents of the sepulchral chamber, which include several See also:jade and fibrolite axes, are preserved in the museum at See also:Vannes. About a mile east of the village is a small piece of moorland called the Bossenno, from the bocenieu or mounds with which it is covered; and here, in 1874, the explorations of See also:James Miln, a Scottish See also:antiquary, brought to See also:light the remains of a Gallo-See also:Roman See also:town. The tradition of Carnac is that there was once a See also:convent of the See also:Templars or Red See also:Cross Knights on the spot; but this, it seems, is not supported by See also:history. Similar traces were also discovered at Mane See also:Bras, a height about 3 M. to the east. The rocks of which these various monuments are composed is the See also:ordinary See also:granite of the district, and most of them See also:present a See also:strange See also:appearance from their coating of See also:white See also:lichens. Carnac has an interesting museum of antiquities. See W. C. Lukis, See also:Guide to the See also:Principal Chambered Barrows and other Prehistoric Monuments in the Islands of the Morbihan, &c. (See also:Ripon, 1875) ; Rene Galles, Fouilles du Mont See also:Saint Michel en Carnac (Vannes, 1864); A. See also:Fouquet, See also:Des monuments celtiques et des ruines romaines dans le Morbihan (Vannes, 1853) ; James Miln, Archaeological Researches at Carnac in Brittany : Kermario (See also:Edinburgh, 1881); and Excavations at Carnac: The Bossenno and the Mont St Michel (Edinburgh, 1877).

End of Article: CARNAC

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