Online Encyclopedia

Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition.

CARRANZA, BARTOLOME (1503—1576)

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 400 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
» Make a correction to this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Spread the word: del.icio.us del.icio.us it!

See also:

CARRANZA, BARTOLOME (1503—1576) , See also:Spanish theologian, sometimes called de See also:Miranda or de Carranza y Miranda, younger son of Pedro Carranza, a See also:man of See also:noble See also:family, was See also:born at Miranda d'Arga, See also:Navarre, in 1503. He studied (1515—1520) at See also:Alcala, where Sancho Carranza, his See also:uncle, was See also:professor; entering (1520) the Dominican See also:order, and then (1521—1525) at See also:Salamanca and at See also:Valladolid, where from 1527 he was teacher of See also:theology. No Spaniard See also:save Melchior Canna rivalled him in learning; students from all parts of See also:Spain flocked to hear him. In 1530 he was denounced to the See also:Inquisition as limiting the papal See also:power and leaning to opinions of See also:Erasmus, but the See also:process failed; he was made professor of See also:philosophy and (1533—1539) See also:regent in theology. In 1539, as representative to the See also:chapter-See also:general of his order he visited See also:Rome; here he was made See also:doctor of theology, and while he mixed with the liberal circle associated with Juan de See also:Valdes, he had also the confidence of See also:Paul III. Returning to Valladolid, he acted as See also:censor (cualificador) of books (including versions of the See also:Bible) for the Inquisition. In 1540 he was nominated to the See also:sees of Canaria and of Cusco, See also:Peru, but declined both. See also:Charles V. See also:chose him as See also:envoy to the See also:council of See also:Trent (1546). He insisted on the imperative See also:duty of bishops and See also:clergy to reside in their benefices, See also:publishing at See also:Venice (1547) his discourse to the council De necessaria residentia personali, which he treated as See also:juris divini. His Lenten See also:sermon to the council, on See also:justification, caused much remark. He was made provincial of his order for See also:Castile. Charles sent him to See also:England (1554) with his son See also:Philip on occasion of the See also:marriage with See also:Mary.

He became Mary's See also:

confessor, and laboured earnestly for the re-See also:establishment of the old See also:religion, especially in See also:Oxford. In 1557 Philip appointed him to the archbishopric of See also:Toledo; he accepted with reluctance, and was consecrated at See also:Brussels on the 27th of See also:February 1558. He was at the deathbed of Charles V. (21st of See also:September) and gave him extreme See also:unction; then raised a curious controversy as to whether Charles, in his last moments, had been infected with Lutheranism. The same See also:year he was again denounced to the Inquisition, on the ground of his Comentarios sobre el Catechisms (See also:Antwerp,1558),which in 1563, however, was approved by a See also:commission of the council of Trent. He had evidently lost favour' with Philip, by whose order he was arrested at Tordelaguna (1559) and imprisoned for nearly eight years, and the See also:book was placed on the See also:Index. The process dragged on. Carranza appealed to Rome, was taken thither in See also:December 1566, and confined for ten years in the See also:castle of St Angelo. The final See also:judgment found no See also:proof of See also:heresy, but compelled him to abjure sixteen errors, rather extorted than extracted from his writings, suspended him from his see for five years, and secluded him to the Dominican See also:cloister of Sta Maria sopra See also:Minerva. Seven days after his See also:abjuration he died, on the 2nd of May 1576. He was succeeded in his see by the inquisitor-general, Gaspar Quiroga. Yet the Spanish See also:people honoured him as a See also:saint; See also:Gregory XIII. placed a laudatory inscription on his See also:tomb in the See also:church of Sta Maria.

His real See also:

crime was not heresy but reform. His Summa Conciliorum et Pontificum (Venice, 1546) has been often reprinted (as See also:late as 1821), and has permanent value. See P. Salazar de Miranda, See also:Vida (1788); H. Laugwitz, Bartholomaus Carranza (187o) ; J. A. See also:Llorente, Hist. Inquisition in Spain (See also:English abridgment, 1826) ; See also:Hefele in I. Goschler's See also:Diet. encyclopidique de la theol. cath. (1858). (A.

End of Article: CARRANZA, BARTOLOME (1503—1576)

Additional information and Comments

There are no comments yet for this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.

Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.

[back]
CARPZOV (Latinized Carpzovius) 		[next]
CARRARA

Site © 2006 - Net Industries