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COLOSSAL CAVERN

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Originally appearing in Volume V06, Page 726 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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COLOSSAL CAVERN , a See also:cave in See also:Kentucky, U.S.A., the See also:main entrance of which is at the See also:foot of a steep See also:hill beyond See also:Eden Valley, and 11 m. from See also:Mammoth Cave. It is connected with what has See also:long been known as the See also:Bed See also:Quilt Cave. Several entrances found by See also:local explorers were rough and difficult. They were closed when the See also:property was bought in 1896 by the See also:Louisville & See also:Nashville railway and a new approach made as indicated on the accompanying See also:map. From the See also:surface to the See also:floor is 240 ft.; under See also:Chester See also:Sandstone and in the St See also:Louis See also:Limestone. Fossil See also:corals See also:fix the See also:geological See also:age of the See also:rock. The temperature is uniformly 54° Fahr., and the See also:atmosphere is optically and chemically pure. Lovely incrustations alternate with queer and See also:grotesque figures. There are exquisite See also:gypsum rosettes and intricately involved helictites. See also:Copyright t9v3 & 1go7 by H.C. Hooey - Old Entrance EmeryWalker sc. Tremendous forces have been at See also:work, suggesting earthquakes and eruptions; but really all is due to the chemical and See also:mechanical See also:action of See also:water.

The so-called " Ruins of See also:

Carthage " fill a See also:hall 400 ft. long by Too ft. wide and 30 ft. high, whose See also:flat roof is a vast homogeneous limestone See also:block. Isolated detached blocks measure from 50 to Too ft. in length. See also:Edgar See also:Vaughan and W. L. See also:Marshall, See also:civil See also:engineers, surveyed every See also:part of the cave. Vaughan's See also:Dome is 40 ft. wide, 300 ft. long, and 79 ft. high. Numerous other domes exist, and many deep pits. The grandest See also:place of all is the Colossal Dome, which used to beentered only from the See also:apex by windlass and a rope reaching 135 ft. to the floor. This is now used only for See also:illumination by raising and lowering a See also:fire-See also:basket. The See also:present entrance is by a gateway buttressed by See also:alabaster shafts, one of which, 75 ft. high, is named See also:Henry See also:Clay's See also:Monument. The dome walls arise in a See also:series of richly tinted rings, each 8 or To ft. thick, and each fringed by See also:stalactites. The symmetry is remarkable, and the reverberations are strangely musical.

The Pearly See also:

Pool, in a chamber near a See also:pit 86 ft. deep, glistens with countless cave pearls. The route beyond is between rows of stately shafts, and ends in a copious chalybeate See also:spring. See also:Blind flies, See also:spiders, beetles and crickets abound; and now and then a blind crawfish darts through the See also:waters; but as compared with many caverns the See also:fauna and See also:flora are not abundant. It is conjectured, not without some See also:reason, that there is a connexion, as yet undiscovered, between the Colossal and the Mammoth caves. It seems certain that Eden Valley, which now lies between them, is a vast " tumble-down " of an immense cavern that formerly See also:united them into one. (H. C.

End of Article: COLOSSAL CAVERN

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