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DUCHENNE, GUILLAUME BENJAMIN AMAND (1...

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Originally appearing in Volume V08, Page 629 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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DUCHENNE, See also:GUILLAUME See also:BENJAMIN AMAND (1806-1875) , See also:French physician, was See also:born on the 17th of See also:September 18o6 at See also:Boulogne, the son of a See also:sea-See also:captain. He was educated at See also:Douai, and then studied See also:medicine in See also:Paris until the See also:year 1831, when he returned to his native See also:town to practise his profession. Two years later he first tried the effect of electro-puncture of the muscles on a patient under his care, and from this See also:time on devoted himself more and more to the medical applications of See also:electricity, thereby laying the See also:foundation of the See also:modern See also:science of electro-See also:therapeutics. In 1842 he removed to Paris for the See also:sake of its wider clinical opportunities, and there he worked until his See also:death over See also:thirty years later. His greatest See also:work, L' Electrisation localisee (1855), passed through three See also:editions during his lifetime, though by many his Physiologie See also:des mouvements (1867) is considered his masterpiece. He published over fifty volumes containing his researches on See also:muscular and See also:nervous diseases, and on the applications of electricity both for diagnostic purposes and for treatment. His name is especially connected with the first description of locomotor ataxy, progressive muscular See also:atrophy, pseudo-hypertrophic See also:paralysis, glosso-labio laryngeal paralysis and other nervous troubles. He died in Paris on the 17th of September 1875. See also:DUCHESNE 629 For a detailed See also:life see Archives generales de medicine (See also:December 1875), and for a See also:complete See also:list of his See also:works the 3rd edition of L'Electrisation locatisee (1872). DU CHESNE [Latinized DueaENlus, QUERNEUS, Or QUERCETANUS], See also:ANDRE (1584-164o), French geographer and historian, generally styled the See also:father of French See also:history, was born at Ile-Bouchard, in the See also:province of See also:Touraine, in May 1584. He was educated at See also:Loudun and afterwards at Paris. From his earliest years he devoted himself to See also:historical and See also:geographical See also:research, and his first work, Egregiarum seu selectarum lectionum et antiquitatum See also:liber, published in his eighteenth year, displayed See also:great erudition.

He enjoyed the patronage of See also:

Cardinal See also:Richelieu, a native of the same See also:district with himself, through whose See also:influence he was appointed historiographer and geographer to the See also:king. He died in 164o, in consequence of having been run over by a See also:carriage when on his way from Paris to his See also:country See also:house at Verriere. Du Chesne's works were very numerous and varied, and in addition to what he published, he See also:left behind him more than See also:loo See also:folio volumes of See also:manuscript extracts now preserved in the Bibliotheque Nationale (L.See also:Delisle, Le See also:Cabinet des manuscrits de la bibliotheque imperiale, t. L, 333-334). Several of his larger works were continued by his only son See also:Francois du Chesne (1616-1693), who succeeded him in the See also:office of historiographer to the king. The See also:principal works of Andre du Chesne are—Les Antiquites et recherches de la grandeur et majeste des rois de See also:France (Paris, 1609), See also:Les Antiquites et recherches des villes, chdteaux, &c., de toute la France (Paris, 16(39), Histoire d'Angleterre, d' Ecosse, et d'Irelande (Paris, 1614), Histoire des Papes jusqu' a See also:Paul V (Paris, 1619), Histoire des rois, discs, et comtes de Bourgogne (1619–1628, 2 1,ols. fol.), Historiae Normanorum scriptores antiqui (1619, fol., now the only source for some of the texts), and his Historiae Francorum scriptores (5 vols. fol., 1636-1649). This last was intended to comprise 24 volumes, and to contain all the narrative See also:sources for French history in the See also:middle ages; only two volumes were published by the author, his son Francois published three more, and the work remained unfinished. Besides these du Chesne published a great number of genealogical histories of illustrious families, of which the best is that of the house of See also:Montmorency. His Histoire des cardinaux frangais (2 vols. fol. 166o–1666) and Histoire des chanceliers et garde, des sceaux de France (163o) were published by his son Francois. Andre also published a See also:translation of the Satires of See also:Juvenal, and editions of the works of See also:Alcuin, See also:Abelard, Alain See also:Chartier and See also:Etienne See also:Pasquier.

End of Article: DUCHENNE, GUILLAUME BENJAMIN AMAND (1806-1875)

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