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DURUY, JEAN VICTOR (1811—1894)

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Originally appearing in Volume V08, Page 712 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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DURUY, See also:JEAN See also:VICTOR (1811—1894) , See also:French historian and statesman, was See also:born in See also:Paris on the xrth of See also:September 1811. The son of a workman at the factory of the Gobelins, he was at first intended for his See also:father's See also:trade, but succeeded in passing brilliantly through the Lcole Normale Superieure, where he studied under See also:Michelet, whom he accompanied as secretary in his travels through See also:France, supplying for him at the Ecole Normale in 1836, when only twenty-four. See also:Ill-See also:health forced him to resign, and poverty drove him to undertake that extensive See also:series of school textbooks which first brought him into public See also:notice. He devoted himself with ardour to secondary school See also:education, holding his See also:chair in the See also:College See also:Henri IV. at Paris for over a See also:quarter of a See also:century. Already known as a historian by his Histoire See also:des Romains et des peuples soumis a leur domination (2 vols., 1843–1844), he was chosen by See also:Napoleon III. to assist him in his See also:life of See also:Julius See also:Caesar, and his abilities being thus brought under the See also:emperor's notice, he was in 1863 appointed See also:minister of education. In this position he displayed incessant activity, and a See also:desire for broad and liberal reform which aroused the See also:bitter hostility of the clerical party. Among his See also:measures may be cited his organization of higher education (" enseignement See also:special "), his See also:foundation of the " conferences publiques," which have now become universal throughout France, and of a course of secondary education for girls by See also:lay teachers, and his introduction of See also:modern See also:history and modern See also:languages into the curriculum both of the lycees and of the colleges. He greatly improved the See also:state of See also:primary education in France, and proposed to make it compulsory and gratuitous, but was not supported in this project by the emperor. In the new See also:cabinet that followed the elections of 1869, Duruy was replaced by See also:Louis See also:Olivier Bourbeau, and was made a senator. After the fall of the See also:Empire he took no See also:part in politics, except for an unsuccessful candidature for the See also:senate in 1876. From 1881 to 1886 he served as a member of the Conseil Superieur de 1'Instruction Publique. In 1884 he was elected to the See also:Academy in See also:succession to See also:Mignet.

He died in Paris on the 25th of See also:

November 1894. As a historian Duruy aimed in his earlier See also:works at a graphic and picturesque narrative which should make his subject popular. His fame, however, rests mainly on the revised edition of his See also:Roman history, which appeared in a greatly enlarged See also:form in 7 vols. under the See also:title of Histoire des Romains depuis See also:les temps les plus recules jusqu'a la mart de Theodose (1879–1885), a really See also:great See also:work; a magnificent illustrated edition was published from 1879 to 1885 (See also:English See also:translation by W. J. See also:Clarke, in 6 vols., 1883–1886). His Histoire des Grecs, similarly illustrated, appeared in 3 vols. from 1886 to 1891 (English translation in 4 vols., 1892). He was the editor, from its commencement in 1846, of the Histoire universelle, publiee See also:par une societe de professeurs et de savants, for which he himself wrote a " Histoire sainte d'apres la See also:Bible," " Histoire grecque," " Histoire romaine," " Histoire du moyen See also:age," " Histoire des temps modernes," and " Abrege de 1'histoire de France." His other works include See also:Atlas historique de la France accompagne d'un See also:volume de texte (1849); Histoire de France de 1453 a 1815 (1856), of which an See also:expanded and illustrated edition appeared as Histoire de France depuis l'invasion des barbares clans la Gaule romaine jusqu'a nos jours (1892); Histoire populaire de la France (1862–1863); Histoire populaire contemporaine de la France (1864–1866); Causeries de voyage (1864); and Introduction generale a l'histoire de France (1865). A memoir by Ernest See also:Lavisse appeared in 1895 under the title of Un Ministre: Victor Duruy. See also tlae notice by Jules See also:Simon (1895), and Portraits et souvenirs by S. See also:Monod (1897). DU RYER, See also:PIERRE (1606-1658), French dramatist, was born in Paris in 1606. His earlier comedies are in the loose See also:style of See also:Alexandre See also:Hardy, but after the See also:production of the See also:Cid (1636) he copied the manner of See also:Corneille, and produced his masterpiece See also:Savoie, probably in 1644 (the date generally given is 1646).

Alcionee (1638) was so popular that the See also:

abbe d' See also:Aubignac knew it by See also:heart, and See also:Queen See also:Christina is said to have had it read to her three times in one See also:day. Du Ryer was a prolific dramatist. Among his other works may be mentioned Said (printed 1642), and a See also:comedy, Les Vendanges de Suresnes (1635 or 1636). He died in Paris on the 6th of November 1658.

End of Article: DURUY, JEAN VICTOR (1811—1894)

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