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FEU

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Originally appearing in Volume V10, Page 296 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FEU , in See also:

Scotland, the commonest mode of See also:land See also:tenure. The word is the Scots variant of "See also:fee" (q.v.). The See also:relics of the feudal See also:system still dominate Scots See also:conveyancing. That system has recognized as many as seven forms of tenure—ward, See also:socage, See also:mortification, feu, blench, See also:burgage, booking. See also:Ward, the See also:original military holding, was abolished in 1747 (20 G. II. c. 20), as an effect of the rising of 1745. Socage and mortification have See also:long since disappeared. Booking is a See also:conveyance See also:peculiar to the See also:borough of See also:Paisley, but does not differ essentially from feu. Burgage is the system by which land is held in royal boroughs. Blench holding is by a nominal See also:payment, as of a See also:penny Scots, or a red See also:rose, often only to be rendered upon demand. In feu holding there is a substantial See also:annual payment in See also:money or in See also:kind in return for the enjoyment of the land.

The See also:

crown is the first overlord or See also:superior, and land is held of it by crown vassals, but they in their turn may " feu " their land, as it is called, to others who become their vassals, whilst they themselves are mediate overlords or superiors; and this See also:process of sub-infeudation may be repeated to an indefinite extent. The Conveyancing See also:Act of 1874 renders any clause in a disposition against See also:subinfeudation null and void. In See also:England on the other See also:hand, since1290, when the See also:statute Quia Emptores was passed, sub-infeuda-See also:Lion is impossible, as the new holder simply effaces the grantor, holding by the same See also:title as the grantor himself. Casualties, which are a feature of land held in feu, are certain payments made to the superior, contingent on the happening of certain events. The most important was the payment of an amount equal to one See also:year's feu-See also:duty by a new holder, whether See also:heir or purchaser of the feu. The Conveyancing Act of 1874 abolished casualties in all feus after that date, and See also:power was given to redeem this See also:burden on feus already existing. If the See also:vassal does not pay the feu-duty' for two years, the superior, among other remedies, may obtain by legal process a See also:decree of irritancy, whereupon tinsel or See also:forfeiture of the feu follows. Previously to 1832 only the vassals of the crown had votes in See also:parliamentary elections for the Scots counties, and this made in favour of subinfeudation as against See also:sale outright. In See also:Orkney and See also:Shetland land is still largely possessed as See also:udal See also:property, a holding derived or handed down from the See also:time when these islands belonged to See also:Norway. Such lands may be converted into feus at the will of the proprietor and held from the crown or See also:Lord Dundas. At one time the system of conveyancing by which the See also:transfer of feus was effected was curious and complicated, requiring the presence of parties on the land itself and the symbolical handing over of the property, together with the See also:registration of various documents. But legislation since the See also:middle of the 19th See also:century has changed all that.

The system of feuing in Scotland, as contrasted with that of long leaseholds in England, has tended to secure greater solidity and firmness in the See also:

average buildings of the See also:northern See also:country. See See also:Erskine's Principles; See also:Bell's Principles; See also:Rankine, See also:Law of Landownership in Scotland.

End of Article: FEU

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FEUCHERES, SOPHIE, BARONNE DE (1795-1840)

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