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GOBEL, JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH (1727-1794)

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 165 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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See also:

GOBEL, See also:JEAN See also:BAPTISTE See also:JOSEPH (1727-1794) , See also:French ecclesiastic and politician, was See also:born at See also:Thann, in See also:Alsace, on the 1st of See also:September 1727. He studied See also:theology in the See also:German See also:College at See also:Rome, and then became successively a member of the See also:chapter of Porrentruy, See also:bishop in partibus of Lydda, and finally See also:suffragan of See also:Basel for that See also:part of the See also:diocese situated in French territory. His See also:political See also:life began when he was elected See also:deputy to the states-See also:general of 1789 by the See also:clergy of the bailliage of Huningue. The turning-point of his life was his See also:action in taking the See also:oath of the See also:civil constitution of the clergy (See also:Jan. 3rd, 1791); in favour of which he had declared himself since the 5th of May 1790. The civil constitution of the clergy gave the See also:appointment of priests to the electoral assemblies, and since taking the oath Gobel had become so popular that he was elected bishop in several dioceses. He See also:chose See also:Paris, and in spite of the difficulties which he had to encounter before he could enter into See also:possession, was consecrated on the 27th of See also:March 1791 by eight bishops, including Talleyrand. On the 8th of See also:November 1792, Gobel was appointed See also:administrator of Paris. He was careful to flatter the politicians by professing See also:anti-clerical opinions, declaring himself, among other things, opposed to the See also:celibacy of the clergy; and on the 17th See also:Brumaire in the See also:year II. (7th November 1793), he came before the See also:bar of the See also:Convention, and, in a famous See also:scene, resigned his episcopal functions, proclaiming that he did so for love of the See also:people, and through respect for their wishes. The followers of See also:Hebert, who were then pursuing their anti-See also:Christian policy, claimed Gobel as one of themselves; while, on the other See also:hand, See also:Robespierre looked upon him as an atheist, though See also:apostasy cannot strictly speaking be laid to the See also:charge of the ex-bishop, nor did he ever make any actual profession of See also:atheism. Robespierre, however, found him an obstacle to his religious schemes, and involved him in the See also:fate of the Hebertists.

Gobel was condemned to See also:

death; with See also:Chaumette, Hebert and See also:Anacharsis See also:Cloots, and was guillotined on the 12th of See also:April 1794. See E. Charavay, Assemblee eleciorale de Paris (Paris, 189o) ; H, Monin, La Chanson et l'Eglise sous la Revolution (Paris, 1892) ; A. See also:Aulard, " La Culte de la raison " in the See also:review, La Revolution Francaise (1891). For a bibliography of documents See also:relating to his episcopate see " Episcopat de Gobel " in vol. iii. (1900) of M. See also:Tourneux's Bibliographie de l'histoire de Paris See also:pendant la Rev. Fr.

End of Article: GOBEL, JEAN BAPTISTE JOSEPH (1727-1794)

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