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GRAHAM, SIR GERALD (1831–1899)

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 318 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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GRAHAM, See also:
SIR
SIR GERALD (1831–1899) , See also:

BRITISH

British See also:

general, was See also:

BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 27th of Tune 1831 at See also:

Acton, See also:

Middlesex. He was educated at See also:

DRESDEN

Dresden and See also:

WOOLWICH

Woolwich See also:

Academy, and entered the Royal See also:

ENGINEERS, MILITARY

Engineers in 1850. He served with distinction through the See also:

RUSSIAN

Russian See also:

War of 18J4 to 1856, was See also:

PRESENT

present at the battles of the See also:

ALMA

Alma and See also:

INKERMAN, BATTLE OF

Inkerman, was twice wounded in the trenches before See also:

SEVASTOPOL, or SEBASTOPOL

Sevastopol, and was awarded the See also:

Victoria See also:

CROSS

Cross for gallantry at the attack on the See also:

REDAN

Redan and for devoted heroism on numerous occasions. He also received the See also:

LEGION (Lat. legio)

Legion of See also:

HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

Honour, and was promoted to a See also:

BREVET (a diminutive of the Fr. bref)

brevet See also:

MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority. In the See also:

CHINA

China War of 186o he took See also:

PART

part in the actions of See also:

Sin-ho and Tang-ku, the storming of the Taku Forts, where he was severely wounded, and the entry into See also:

PEKING, or PEKIN

Peking (brevet See also:

LIEUTENANT

lieutenant-colonelcy and C.B.). Promoted See also:

COLONEL (derived either from Lat. column, Fr. colonne, column, or Lat. corona, a crown)

colonel in 1869, he was employed in routine duties until 1877, when he was appointed assistant-director of See also:

WORKS

works for See also:

barracks at the war See also:

OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office, a position he held until his promotion to See also:

major-general in 1881. In command of the advanced force in See also:

EGYPT

Egypt in 1882, he See also:

BORE

bore the brunt of the fighting, was present at the See also:

ACTION

action of Magfar, commanded at the first See also:

BATTLE

battle of See also:

KASSASSIN

Kassassin, took part in the second, and led his See also:

BRIGADE (Fr. and Ger. brigade, Ital. brigata, Span. brigada; the English use of the word dates from the early 17th century)

brigade at Tell-cl-Kebir. For his services in the See also:

CAMPAIGN

campaign he received the K.C.B. and thanks of See also:

PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament. In 1884 he commanded the expedition to the eastern See also:

SUDAN (Arabic Bilad-es-Sudan, country of the blacks)

Sudan, and fought the successful battles of El Teb and Tamai. On his return See also:

home he received the thanks of parliament and was made a lieutenant-general for distinguished service in the See also:

field. In 1885 he commanded the See also:

SUAKIN, or SAWAKIN

Suakin expedition, defeated the See also:

ARABS

Arabs at Hashin and Tamai, and advanced the railway from Suakin to Otao, when the expedition was withdrawn (thanks of parliament and G.C.M.G.). In 1896 he was made G.C.B., and in 1899 colonel-commandant Royal Engineers.

He died on the 17th of See also:

DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1899. He published in 1875 a See also:

TRANSLATION

translation of Goetze's Operations of the See also:

German Engineers in 1870-1871, and in 1887 Last Words with See also:

End of Article: GRAHAM, SIR GERALD (1831–1899)

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