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See also:LIBERTAD, or LA LIBERTAD , a See also:coast See also:department of See also:Peru, bounded N. by See also:Lambayeque and See also:Cajamarca, E. by See also:San See also:- MARTIN (Martinus)
- MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
- MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
- MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
- MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
- MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
- MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
- MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
- MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
- MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
- MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)
Martin, S. by See also:Ancachs, S.W. and W. by the Pacific. Pop. (1906 estimate) 188,200; See also:area 10,209 sq. m. Libertad formerly included
of the See also:Cordillera broken into valleys by See also:short See also:mountain spurs, and the eastern a high inter-Andine valley lying between the Western and Central Cordilleras and traversed by the upper Maranon or See also:Amazon, which at one point is less than 90 M. in a straight See also:line from the Pacific coast. The coast region is traversed by several short streams, which are fed by the melting snows of the Cordillera and are extensively used for See also:irrigation. These are (the names also applying to their valleys) the Jequetepeque or Pacasmayo, in whose valley See also:rice is an important product, the Chicama, in whose valley the See also:sugar plantations are among the largest and best in Peru, the Moche, Viru, Chao and See also:Santa; the last, with its See also:northern tributary, the Tablachaca, forming the See also:southern boundary line of the department. The Santa Valley is also noted for its sugar plantations. See also:Cotton is produced in several of these valleys, See also:coffee in the Pacasmayo See also:district, and See also:coca on the mountain slopes about Huamachuco and Otuzco, at elevations of 3000 to 6000 ft. above See also:sea-level. The upland regions, which have a moderate rainfall and a cool, healthy See also:climate, are partly devoted to See also:agriculture on a small See also:scale (producing See also:wheat, See also:Indian See also:corn, See also:barley, potatoes, quinua, See also:alfalfa, See also:fruit and vegetables), partly to grazing and partly to See also:mining. See also:Cattle and See also:sheep have been raised on the upland pastures of Libertad and Ancachs since See also:early colonial times, and the See also:llama and See also:alpaca were reared throughout this " sierra " See also:country See also:long before the See also:Spanish See also:conquest. See also:Gold and See also:silver mines are worked in the districts of Huamachuco, Otuzco and Pataz, and See also:coal has been found in the first two. The department had 169 m. of See also:rail-way in 1906, viz.: from Pacasmayo to Yonan (in Cajamarca) with a See also:branch to Guadalupe, 6o m.; from Salaverry to See also:Trujillo with its See also:extension to Ascope, 47 m.; from Trujillo to See also:Laredo, Galindo and Menocucho, 182 m.; from Huanchaco to See also:Roma, 25 m.; and from Chicama to See also:Pampas, 182 m. The See also:principal ports are Pacasmayo and Salaverry, which have long See also:iron piers built by the See also:national See also:government; Malabrigo, Huanchuco, Guanape and Chao are open roadsteads. The See also:capital of the department is Trujillo. The other principal towns are San
(H. H. J.) divides it into two nearly equal parts; the western consisting LIBERIUS, See also:pope from 352 to 366, the successor of See also:Julius I. of a narrow, arid, sandy coast See also:zone and the western slopes
Pedro, Otuzco, Huamachuco, See also:Santiago de Chuco and Tuyabamba —all provincial capitals and important only through their mining interests, except San Pedro, which stands in the fertile district of the Jequetepeque. The See also:population of Otuzco (35 M. N.E. of Trujillo) was estimated to be about 4000 in 1896, that of Huamachuco (65 m. N.E. of Trujillo) being perhaps slightly less.
End of Article: LIBERTAD, or LA LIBERTAD
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