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MACHAULT D'ARNOUVILLE, See also:JEAN See also:BAPTISTE DE (1701-1794), See also:French statesman, was a son of See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis See also:Charles Machault d'Arnouville, See also:lieutenant of See also:police. In 1721 he was counsel to the See also:parlement of See also:Paris, in 1728 maitre See also:des requetes, and ten years later was made See also:president of the See also:Great See also:Council; although he had opposed the See also:court in the Unigenitus dispute, he was appointed See also:intendant of See also:Hainaut in 1743. From this position, through the See also:influence at court of his old friend Rene Louis, See also:Marquis d'See also:Argenson, he was called to succeed Orry de Fulvy as controller-See also:general of the finances in See also:December 1745. He found, on taking See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office, that in the four years of the See also:War of the See also:Austrian See also:Succession the economies of See also:Cardinal See also:Fleury had been exhausted, and he was forced to develop the See also:system of borrowings which was bringing French finances to See also:bankruptcy. He attempted in 1749 a reform in the levying of See also:direct taxes, which, if carried out, would have done much to prevent the later Revolutionary See also:movement. He proposed to abolish the old tax of a tenth, which was evaded by the See also:clergy and most of the See also:nobility, and substitute a tax of one-twentieth which should be levied on all without exception. The cry for exceptions, however, began at once. The clergy stood in a See also:body by their See also:historical privileges, and the outcry of the nobility was too great for the See also:minister to make headway against. Still he managed to retain his office until See also:July 1754, when he exchanged the controllership for the See also:ministry of marine. Foreseeing the disastrous results of the See also:alliance with See also:Austria, he was See also:drawn to oppose more decidedly the schemes of Mme de See also:Pompadour, whose See also:personal See also:ill-will he had gained. Louis XV. acquiesced in her demand for his disgrace on the 1st of See also:February 1757. Machault lived on his See also:estate at Arnouville until the Revolution See also:broke out, when, after a See also:period of hiding, he was apprehended in 1794 at See also:Rouen and brought to Paris as a suspect. He was imprisoned in the Madelonnettes, where he succumbed in a few See also:weeks, at the See also:age of ninety-three.
His son, Louis CHARLES MACHAULT D'ARNOUVILLE (1737-1820), was See also:bishop of See also:Amiens from 1774 until the Revolution. He was famous for his charity; but proved to be a most uncompromising Conservative at the estates general of 1789, where he voted consistently against every reform. He emigrated in 1791, resigned his bishopric in 18o1 to facilitate the See also:concordat, and retired to the ancestral See also:chateau of Arnouville, where he died in 1820.
End of Article: MACHAULT
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