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MOGILEV

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 646 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MOGILEV , a See also:

government of western See also:Russia, situated on the upper See also:Dnieper, between the governments of See also:Vitebsk and See also:Smolensk on the See also:north and See also:east, and See also:Chernigov and See also:Minsk on the See also:south and See also:west. In the north it is occupied by the See also:water-See also:shed which separates the basins of the See also:Dvina and the Dnieper, an undulating See also:tract 65o to 900 ft. above See also:sea-level, and covered nearly everywhere with forests. This See also:watershed slopes gently to the south, to the valley of the Dnieper, which enters the government from the north-east and flows due south. The See also:southern See also:part of the government is See also:flat and has much in See also:common with the Polyesie of the government of Minsk; it is, however, more habitable, the marshes being less extensive. Mogilev is built up of Devonian deposits in the north, of Cretaceous in the east, and of See also:Tertiary elsewhere, but generally is covered with a thick layer of Glacial and later alluvial deposits. Interesting finds from the See also:Stone See also:Age, as well as remains of the See also:mammoth, have been made. The See also:soil is mostly See also:sand, See also:clay (See also:brick-clay and See also:potter's-clay are not uncommon), and See also:peat-bogs,with a few patches of " See also:black See also:earth." The See also:climate is harsh and wet, the See also:average yearly temperature at the See also:Gorki meteorological See also:observatory being 40°•4 F. (14°.2 in See also:January and 63°•8 in See also:July); See also:cold nights in summer are often the cause of See also:bad crops. The government had 947,625 inhabitants in 187o, and in 1897, 1,706,511, of whom 861,533 were See also:women, and 146,752 lived in towns. The estimated See also:population in 1906 was 2,024,300. The population is mostly See also:White See also:Russian. See also:Agriculture is their See also:chief occupation.

Out of the See also:

total See also:area of 18,546 sq. m. 4o % is held in communal ownership by the peasants, 48 % is owned by landlords possessing more than 270 acres each, and 3 a % by small owners. Most of the private owners belong to the See also:nobility. The See also:principal crops are See also:rye, oats, See also:barley, See also:buckwheat, potatoes, though See also:wheat, beetroot, See also:flax, See also:hemp and See also:tobacco are also grown. See also:Paper, See also:spirits, See also:wire and nails, See also:leather and tiles are the chief products of the manufactures. The government is divided into eleven districts, of which thechief towns with their populations in 1897 were: Mogilev-on-Dnieper, or Mogilev Gubernskiy (47,591 in 1900), Chausy (5550), Cherikov (5250), See also:Homel or Gomel (45,081 in 1900), Gorki (6730), Klimovichi (4706), Mstislavl (10,382 in 1900), See also:Orsha (13,161), Rogachev (9103), Staryi Bykhov (6354), and Syenno (4061). This government was inhabited in the loth See also:century by the Slav tribes of the Krivichi and Radimichi. In the 14th century it became part of Lithuania, and afterwards of See also:Poland. Russia annexed it in 1772.

End of Article: MOGILEV

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