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PIARISTS

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Originally appearing in Volume V21, Page 574 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PIARISTS , the popular name of a See also:

Catholic educational See also:order, the " clerici regulares scholarum piarum," the Pauline See also:Congregation of the See also:Mother of See also:God, founded by See also:Joseph Calasanza (See also:Josephus a Matre Dei) at See also:Rome in the beginning of the 17th See also:century. Calasanza, a native of Calasanz in the See also:province of See also:Huesca in See also:Aragon, was See also:born on See also:September II, 1556, studied at See also:Lerida and Alcalf, and after his ordination to the priesthood removed to Rome (1592). Here he organized, in 1607, a brotherhood which ultimately, in 1617, became an See also:independent Congregation, numbering at that See also:time fifteen priests, under Calasanza as their See also:head. To the three usual vows they added a See also:fourth, that of devotion to the gratuitous instruction of youth. In 1622 the Congregation received a new constitution from See also:Gregory XV., and had all the privileges of the mendicant orders conferred upon it, Calasanza being recognized as See also:general. In 1643 the See also:jealousy of the See also:Jesuits led to his removal from See also:office; owing to the same cause the Congregation was deprived of its privileges by See also:Innocent X. in 1646. Calasanza, who died on See also:August 22, 1648, was beatified in 1748, and canonized in 1767. The privileges of the Congregation were successively restored in 166o, 1669 and 1698. The Piarists, who are not numerous, are found chiefly in See also:Italy, See also:Spain, the See also:West Indies, See also:Germany, and especially in See also:Austria-See also:Hungary. Before the course of study was regulated by the See also:state, a Piarist See also:establishment contained nine classes: See also:reading, See also:writing, elementary See also:mathematics, schola parva or Rudimentorum, schola Principiorum, Grainmatica, Syntaxis, Humanitas or Poesis, Rhetorica. The general See also:provost of the order is chosen by the general See also:chapter, and with a general See also:procurator and four assistants resides at Rome. The members are divided into professors, novices, and See also:lay brethren.

Their See also:

dress is very similar to that of the Jesuits; their See also:motto " Ad majus pietatis incrementum! " For Calasanza, see See also:Timon-See also:David, See also:Vie de St Joseph Calasance (See also:Marseilles, 1884) ; on the Piarists, P. See also:Helyot, Hist. See also:des ordres religieuses (1715), iv. 281; J. A. Seyffert, Ordensregeln der Piaristen (See also:Halle, 1783) ; J. Schaller, Gedanken fiber See also:die Ordensfassung der Piaristen (See also:Prague, 18o5) ; A. Heimbucher, Orden and Kongregationen (1897) ii. 271; articles by O. Zockler in See also:Herzog-Hauck's Realencyklopadie See also:fur protestantische Theologie (1904), vol. xv. and by C. Kniel in Wetzer and Welte's Kirchen-lexikon (1895), vol. ix.

End of Article: PIARISTS

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