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See also:TAORMINA (See also:ancient Tauromenium) , a See also:town on the E. See also:coast of See also:Sicily, in the See also:province of See also:Messina, from which town it is 30 M. S.S.W. by See also:rail. Pop. (1901) 4110. It has come into See also:great favour as a See also:winter resort, especially with See also:British and See also:German visitors, chiefly on See also:account of its See also:fine situation and beautiful views. It lies on an abrupt See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
hill 65o ft. above the railway station, and was founded by the Carthaginian Himilco in 397 B.C. for a friendly tribe of Sicels, after the destruction, by See also:Dionysius the See also:Elder of See also:Syracuse, of the neighbouring See also:city of See also:Naxos. In 395 Dionysius failed to take it by See also:assault on a winter's See also:night, but in 392 he occupied it and settled his mercenaries there. In 358 the exiles from Naxos, after wandering up and down Sicily, at last found a See also:home there. Its commanding site gave it considerable importance. It was the city at which both See also:Timoleon and See also:Pyrrhus first landed. During the First Punic See also:War it belonged to the See also:kingdom of See also:Hiero, and after his See also:death it enjoyed an exceptionally favoured position with regard to See also:Rome, being like Messana and Netum, a civitas foederala. During the first Servile War it was occupied by Eunous and some of his followers, but was at length taken by the See also:consul Publius See also:Rupilius in 132. It was one of the strongholds of Sextus Pompeius, and after defeating him See also:Augustus made it into a colonia as a measure of precaution, expelling some of the older inhabitants. In the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of See also:Strabo it was inferior in See also:population, as we should expect, to Messana and Catana; its See also:marble, See also:wine and mullets were highly esteemed. In A.D. 902 it was taken and burnt by the See also:Saracens; it was retaken in 962, and in 1078 See also:fell into the hands of the See also:Normans.
The ancient town seems to have had two citadels; one of these was probably the hill above the town to the W. now crowned by a See also:medieval See also:castle, while the other was the hill upon which the See also:theatre was afterwards constructed (E. A. See also:Free-See also:man, See also:History of Sicily, iv. 5o6). There are some remains of the city walls, belonging to more than one See also:period. It is indeed possible that one fragment of See also:wall belongs to a period, before the See also:foundation of the city, when the Naxians had a fortified See also:port here (See also:Evans in See also:Freeman, op. cit., iv. 109 n. 1). The See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of See also:San Pancrazio, just outside the See also:modern town, is built into a See also:temple of the 3rd See also:century B.C., the S. wall of the See also:cella of which is alone preserved. See also:Inscriptions prove that it was dedicated to See also:Serapis. The other ruins belong in the See also:main to the See also:Roman period. The most famous of them is the theatre, largely hewn in the See also:rock, which, though of See also:Greek origin, was entirely reconstructed. The seats are almost entirely gone, but the See also:stage and its adjacent buildings, especially the wall, in two storeys, at the back, are well preserved: some of its marble decorative details were removed for See also:building material in the See also:middle ages, but those that remained have been re-erected. The view from the theatre is of exceptional beauty, See also:Mount See also:Etna being clearly seen from the See also:summit to the See also:base on the S.W., while to the N. the rugged outlines of the coast immediately below, and the mountains of See also:Calabria across the See also:sea to the N.E. make up one of the most famous views in the See also:world. There are also remains of a much smaller theatre (the so-called See also:Odeum), and some large cisterns; a large See also:bath or tank which was apparently open, known as the Naumachia, See also:measures 4261 ft. in length and 391 in width: only one of its See also:long sides is now visible, and serves as a foundation for several houses in the main See also:street of the modern town. The aqueducts which supplied these cisterns may be traced above the town. There are remainsof houses, tombs, &c., of the Roman period, and fine specimens of Romanesque and See also:Gothic See also:architecture in the modern town.
See Rizzo, Guida di Taormina e dintorni, See also:Catania, 1902. (T.
End of Article: TAORMINA (ancient Tauromenium)
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