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TIARET (Tahert)

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Originally appearing in Volume V26, Page 912 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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TIARET (Tahert) , a See also:town of See also:Algeria, in the Tell See also:Atlas, See also:department of See also:Oran, 122 M. S.E. of See also:Mostaganem by See also:rail. It occupies an important strategic position on a pass through the mountains at an See also:elevation of 3552 ft. Pop. (1906), 5778, of whom 3433 were Europeans. The See also:Wadi Tiaret flows through the town in a See also:series of cascades. The upper town, the residential See also:quarter, is on the right See also:bank of this stream. The citadel occupies a See also:separate See also:hill on the other See also:side of the wadi. The See also:chief business centre is the See also:lower town where are also the See also:principal public buildings. On another hill opposite the citadel is the native town. The citadel occupies the site of a See also:Roman station believed to be that of Tingurtia. Tiaret (See also:Berber for " station ") was a town of See also:note at the See also:time of the Arab invasion of See also:North See also:Africa in the 7th See also:century and is stated by See also:Ibn Khaldun to have offered a stubborn resistance to Sidi-Okba.

In 761 it was taken by Abdurrahman ibn Rostem, the founder of the See also:

dynasty of the Beni Rustam (Rostem). Their See also:empire, which during the reign of Abdurrahman (761-784) and his son Abdul Wahab (784-823) extended over the greater See also:part of the See also:modern Algeria, was known as the Ibadite Empire from Abdallah ibn Ibad, the founder of the heretical See also:sect to which Abdurrahman belonged. The Ibadites represented the moderate See also:section of the Kharijites (see See also:MAHOMMEDAN See also:RELIGION). Seven princes of the Rustamite See also:house succeeded Abdul Wahab at Tiaret, but in 909 the dynasty was overthrown by the Fatimite See also:general al Shi'i. Two years later Tiaret was captured by Massala ibn Habbus of the Miknasa dynasty of See also:Morocco, and after his See also:death in 924 two other princes of the same house maintained their See also:independence, but in 933 the See also:Fatimites again gained the mastery. The Ibadites, after being expelled from the Tell, took See also:refuge in See also:Wargla. They were driven thence in the 11th century and migrated to Mzab, where their descendants still profess the Ibadite doctrines (see See also:MZABITES). After its second See also:capture by the Fatimites, Tiaret ceased to be the See also:capital of a separate See also:state. For a See also:long See also:period it was included in the sultanate of See also:Tlemcen, and in the 16th century See also:fell to the See also:Turks. It was one of the chief towns of Abd el Kader, but was occupied by the See also:French in 1843. At Takdempt, 6 m. See also:west of Tiaret, Abd el Kader had his principal See also:arsenal. About a mile from Takdempt are ruins of a town supposed to be the remains of the Ibadite capital.

Eighteen See also:

miles S.S.W. of Tiaret are the sepulchral monuments known as the Jedars (see ALGERIA: § See also:Archaeology).

End of Article: TIARET (Tahert)

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