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VAISON

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Originally appearing in Volume V27, Page 839 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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VAISON , a See also:

town of See also:south-eastern See also:France, in the See also:department of See also:Vaucluse, 26 m. N.N.E. of See also:Avignon by road. Pop. (1906) 2148. The Ouveze, a tributary of the See also:Rhone, divides Vaison into two quarters—the See also:Roman and See also:early See also:medieval town on the right hank, and the town of the later See also:middle ages on the See also:left See also:bank,—the two communicating by an See also:ancient Roman See also:bridge consisting of a single See also:arch. On the right bank is the See also:church (once the See also:cathedral) of Ste See also:Marie, the See also:choir of which is thought to date in parts from the 9th See also:century, while the See also:nave belongs to the 12th century. A Romanesque See also:cloister containing a collection of old See also:sculpture flanks the church on the See also:north. Remains of a Roman See also:amphitheatre and the See also:chapel of St Quenin (dedicated to a See also:bishop of the 6th century), with a curious See also:apse of the end of the 11th century, are also to be seen in the old town. On the left bank are the See also:parish church (15th and 16th centuries), remains of the medieval fortifications, and the keep of a See also:castle of the See also:counts of See also:Toulouse. The See also:industries of the town include the manufacture of wooden shoes, bellow's and agricultural implements. Vaison, under the name of Vasio, was one of the See also:principal towns of the Vocontii, and was a See also:place of See also:great importance under These See also:European labour colonies are described in detail in the appendices to the See also:Report and See also:Evidence of the See also:Vagrancy See also:Committee and in the books mentioned at the end of this See also:article, but a resume of the more important colonies may here be given. See also:Holland.—There are two classes of colonies, both originally established by the Maatschaapij See also:van Weldadigheid (Society of Beneficence), a society founded by See also:General van den See also:Bosch (178o–1844) in 1818.

The See also:

Free Colonies were designed for the reception of indigent persons, for the purpose of teaching them See also:agriculture, and so enabling them eventually to See also:earn their own living independently. There are three of these free colonies, viz. Frederiksoord, Willemsoord and Wilhelminasoord, forming practically one See also:colony, with a See also:population of about 1500. The expenses of the colonies are met by voluntary subscriptions, but it has been found that the persons who enter the free colonies remain there and few fresh cases are received. The number of inmates has been steadily decreasing. The society also maintained See also:Beggar Colonies for the compulsory detention of persons committing the offence of begging. They were more penal than reformatory institutions, and the inmates were taught certain occupations by which they might support themselves on leaving. They did not prove self-supporting and were eventually taken over by the See also:state. The See also:chief institution is that at Veenhuizen, which occupies some 3000 acres of See also:land, and where some 4000 men of the vagrant class are detained for periods varying from not less than six months to not more than three years. There is a similar institution for See also:women at See also:Leiden. See also:Belgium.—In Belgium the institutions for the repression of vagrancy are maintained by the state under a See also:law of See also:November 27th, 1891. They are of three kinds: (1) Depots de mendiciti (beggars' depots); (2) ,naisons de See also:refuge (houses of refuge); and (3) ecoles de bienfaisance (reformatory See also:schools).

The beggars' depots are " exclusively devoted to the confinement of persons whom the judicial authority shall place at the disposal of the See also:

government" for that purpose, and these are classified as (a) able-bodied persons who, instead of working for their living, depend upon charity as the See also:Romans, as is shown by an abundance of See also:objects unearthed by excavation, amongst which may be mentioned a See also:fine statue of an See also:athlete (the Diadumenos) in the See also:British Museum. The bishopric established in the 3rd century was suppressed in 1791. Its holders, towards the end of the 12th century, were despoiled of the temporal See also:power in the town by the counts of Toulouse. Subsequently Vaison came, together with the See also:rest of Comtat-Venaissin, under the power of the popes.

End of Article: VAISON

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