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See also:WINGATE, See also:SIR See also:FRANCIS REGINALD (1861- ) , See also:British See also:general and See also:administrator in the See also:Sudan, was See also:born at Broadfield, See also:Renfrewshire, on the 25th of See also:June 1861, being the seventh son of See also:Andrew Wingate of See also:Glasgow and See also:Elizabeth, daughter of See also:Richard See also:Turner of See also:Dublin. He was educated at the Royal Military See also:Academy, See also:Woolwich, and became a See also:lieutenant in the Royal See also:Artillery in 1880. He served in See also:India and See also:Aden, 1881-1883, and in the last-named See also:year joined the See also:Egyptian See also:army on its reorganization by Sir See also:Evelyn See also:Wood, and in the See also:Gordon See also:Relief Expedition of 1884-1885 was A.D.C. and military secretary to Sir Evelyn. For his services he received the See also:brevet See also:rank of See also:major. After holding an See also:appointment in See also:England for a brief See also:period he rejoined the Egyptian army in 1886. He took See also:part in the operations on the Sudan frontier in 1889, including the engagement at Toski and in the further operations in 1891, being See also:present at the See also:capture of Tokar. In 1894 he was See also:governor of See also:Suakin. His See also:principal See also:work was in the Intelligence See also:branch of the service, of which he became director in 1892. A See also:master of Arabic, his knowledge of the See also:country, the examination of prisoners, refugees and others from the Sudan, and the study of documents captured from the Dervishes enabled him to publish in 1891 Mandiism and the Egyptian Sudan, an authoritative See also:account of the rise of the See also:Mandi and of subsequent events in the Sudan up to that date. Largely through his instrumentality See also:Father Ohrwalder and two nuns escaped from See also:Omdurman in 1891. Wingate also made the arrangements which led to the See also:- ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli
escape of See also:Slatin See also:Pasha in 1895. The See also:English versions of Father Ohrwalder's narrative (Ten Years in the Mandi's See also:Camp, 1892) and of Slatin's See also:book (See also:Fire and See also:Sword in the Sudan, 1896) were from Wingate's See also:pen, being rewritten from a rough See also:translation of the See also:original See also:German.
As director of military intelligence he served in the See also:campaigns of 1896-1898 which resulted in the reconquest of the Sudan, including the engagement at Firket, the battles of the See also:Atbara and Omdurman and the expedition to See also:Fashoda. In an See also:interval (See also:March-June 1897) he went to See also:Abyssinia as second in command of the See also:Rennell Rodd See also:mission. For his services he was made See also:colonel, an extra A.D.C. to See also:Queen See also:Victoria, received the thanks of See also:parliament and was created K.0 M.G. Wingate was in command of an expeditionary force which in See also:November 1899 defeated the remnant of the See also:Dervish See also:host at Om Debreikat, See also:Kordofan, the See also:khalifa being among the slain. For this achievement he was made K.C.B. In See also:December of the same year, on See also:Lord See also:Kitchener being summoned to See also:South See also:Africa, Sir Reginald Wingate succeeded him as governor-general of the Sudan and See also:sirdar of the Egyptian army. His See also:administration of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan was conspicuously successful, the country, after the desolation of the Mandia, rapidly regaining a measure of prosperity. In 1903 he was raised to the rank of major-general and in 1908 became lieutenant-general. He was also created a pasha and in 1905 received the honorary degree of D.C.L. from See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford University. In 1909, at the See also:request of the British See also:government, Wingate undertook a See also:special mission to See also:Somaliland to See also:report on the military situation in connexion with the proposed evacuation of the interior of the See also:protectorate.
End of Article: WINGATE, SIR FRANCIS REGINALD (1861- )
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