Online Encyclopedia

Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition.

BERKHAMPSTEAD (GREAT BERFHANPSTEAD)

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 782 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
Spread the word: del.icio.us del.icio.us it!

See also:

BERKHAMPSTEAD (See also:GREAT BERFHANPSTEAD) , a See also:market See also:town in the See also:Watford See also:parliamentary See also:division of See also:Hertfordshire, See also:England, 28 m. N.W. from See also:London by the London & See also:North-Western railway. Pop, of See also:urban See also:district (1901) 5140. It lies pleasantly in the narrow well-wooded valley of the Bulbourne, and is See also:close to the See also:Grand Junction See also:canal. The See also:church of St See also:Peter, a large cruciform structure, exhibits all the See also:Gothic styles, and earlier fragments are traceable. There are several See also:brasses of See also:interest. The poet See also:William See also:Cowper was See also:born in the rectory in 1731. The large See also:grammar school is a See also:foundation of 1541. See also:Straw-plaiting and the manufacture of small wooden wares are the See also:principal See also:industries, and there are large chemical See also:works. Of the See also:castle earthworks and fragments of walls remain. The name of the town is Great Berkhampstead (or Berkhamsted), in distinction from Little Berkhampstead near See also:Hatfield in this See also:county. Berkhampstead (Beorhhamstede, Berchehamstede) was undoubtedly of some importance in Saxon times since there were fifty-two burgesses there at the See also:time of the See also:Conquest.

In 1156 See also:

Henry II. granted the men and merchants of the town the same See also:laws and customs as they had in the time of See also:Edward the See also:Confessor, and that they should be quit of See also:toll throughout England, See also:Normandy, See also:Aquitaine and See also:Anjou. Berkhampstead See also:rose to importance with its castle, which is said to have been built by See also:Robert, See also:count of See also:Mortain, and when the castle See also:fell into ruin after 1496 the town also began to decay. In 1618, however, the burgesses received an See also:incorporation See also:charter; but after the See also:civil See also:wars the corporate See also:body began to fail through poverty, and in the 18th See also:century had ceased to exist. The burgesses returned two members to See also:parliament in 1320 and again in 1338 and 1341, but were never represented again. Before the 13th century the burgesses held a weekly market on See also:Sunday and a yearly See also:fair on St See also:James's See also:day, but in 1218 Henry III. altered the market day to See also:Monday. Roofing tiles were manufactured in Berkhampstead as See also:early as the 13th century, and in See also:Elizabeth's reign the making of See also:malt was the See also:chief See also:industry.

End of Article: BERKHAMPSTEAD (GREAT BERFHANPSTEAD)

Additional information and Comments

There are no comments yet for this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.

Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.

[back]
BERKELEY, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1608-1677)
[next]
BERKSHIRE [abbreviated Berks, pronounced Berkshire]...