Online Encyclopedia

sand-binder on English seashores; a widespread and efficient tropical sand-binder is Ipomaea Pes-Caprae. One of the commonest tropical weeds, Evolvulus alsinoides, has slender, long-trailing stems with small leaves and flowers. In hot dry districts such as See also:

ARABIA

Arabia and See also:

north-See also:

east tropical See also:

Africa, genera have been developed with a See also:

low, much-branched, dense, shrubby See also:

HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit, with small hairy leaves and very small flowers. An exceptional type in the order is represented by Humbertia, a native of See also:

MADAGASCAR

Madagascar, which forms a large See also:

tree. The See also:

DODDER (Frisian dodd, a bunch; Dutch dot, ravelled thread)

dodder (q.v.) is a genus (Cuscuta) of leafless parasites with slender See also:

THREAD (0. Eng. praed, literally, that which is twisted, prawan, to twist, to throw, cf. " throwster," a silk-winder, Ger. drehen, to twist, turn, Du. draad, Ger. Draht, thread, wire)

thread-like twining stems. The flowers stand singly in the See also:

LEAF (O. Eng. leaf, cf. Dutch loof, Ger. Laub, Swed. lof, &c.; possibly to be referred to the root seen in Gr. Ma-eta, to peel, strip)

leaf-axils or See also:

FORM (Lat. forma)

form few or many flowered cymose inflorescences; the flowers are sometimes crowded into small heads. The bracts are usually See also:

scale-like, but sometimes foliaceous, as for instance in Calystegia, where they are large and envelop the calyx. The parts of the See also:

flower are in See also:

FIVES

fives in calyx, corolla and stamens, followed by two carpels which unite to form a See also:

SUPERIOR

superior ovary. The sepals, which are generally See also:

FREE

free, show much variation in See also:

SIZE

size, shape and covering, and afford valuable characters for the distinction of genera or sub-genera.

The corolla is generally See also:

FUNNEL (through an O. Fr. founil, found in Breton, from Lat. infundibulum, that through which anything is poured, from fundere, to pour)

funnel-shaped, more rarely See also:

bell-shaped or tubular; the See also:

OUTER

outer See also:

FACE (from Lat. fades, derived either from facere, to make, or from a root fa-, meaning " appear "; cf. Gr. cbatvstv)

face is often marked out in See also:

LONGITUDINAL

longitudinal areas, five well-defined areas tapering from See also:

BASE

base to See also:

APEX

apex, and marked with longitudinal striae corresponding to the See also:

MIDDLE

middle of the petals, and alternating with five non-striated weaker triangular areas; in the bud the latter are folded inwards, the stronger areas being exposed and showing a twist to the right. The slender filaments of the stamens varywidely, often in the same flower; the anthers are linear to ovate in shape, attached at the back to the filament, and open lengthwise. Some importance attaches to the form of the See also:

POLLEN, AUGUST (or, as he afterwards called himself, ADOLF) LUDWIG (1794-1855)

pollen grains; the two See also:

PRINCIPAL

principal forms are ellipsoidal with longitudinal bands forming the Convolvulus-type, and a spherical form with a spiny See also:

SURFACE

surface known as the Ipomaea-type. The ovary is generally two-chambered, with two inverted ovules See also:

STANDING

standing See also:

side by side at the inner See also:

ANGLE (from the Lat. angulus, a corner, a diminutive, of which the primitive form, angus, does not occur in Latin; cognate are the Lat. angere, to compress into a bend or to strangle, and the Gr. ayKOS, a bend; both connected with the Aryan root ank-, to

angle of each chamber. The See also:

style is See also:

SIMPLE

simple or branched, and the stigma is linear, capitate or globose in form; these See also:

variations afford means for distinguishing the different genera. The See also:

FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit is usually a See also:

CAPSULE (from the Lat. capsula, a small box)

capsule opening by valves; the seeds, where four are developed, are each shaped like the quadrant of a See also:

SPHERE (Gr. vclsa?pa, a ball or globe)

sphere; the See also:

SEED (from the root seen in Lat. serere, to sow)

seed-coat is smooth, or sometimes warty or hairy; the embryo is large with generally broad, folded, notched or bilobed cotyledons surrounded by a horny endosperm. Cuscuta has a thread-like, spirally See also:

TWISTED

twisted embryo with no trace of cotyledons. The large showy flowers are visited by See also:

INSECTS

insects for the See also:

HONEY (Chin. me ; Sansk. madhu, mead, honey; cf. A.S. medo, medu, mead; Gr. p Xt, in which 0 or b is changed into X; Lat. mel ; Fr. miel ; A.S. hung ; Ger. Honig)

honey which is secreted by a See also:

RING (O.E. hring; a word common to Teutonic languages; and probably cognate with the Lat. circus, Gr. KtpKOS or KpLKOS, Skt'. chakra, wheel, circle, cf. also " harangue "); in art, a band of circular shape of varying sizes, made of any material and used f

ring-like disk below the ovary; large- Convolvulus sepium, slightly reduced. 1. Flower cut vertically. 4. Embryo taken out of seed.

2. Fruit, slightly reduced. 5. See also:

HORIZONTAL

Horizontal See also:

plan of arrange- 3. Seed cut lengthwise showing ment of flower. embryo. flowered species of Ipomaea with narrow tubes are adapted for the visits of honey-seeking birds. The largest genus, Ipomaea, has about 400 species distributed throughout the warmer parts of the See also:

earth. Convolvulus has about 150 to 200 species, mainly in temperate climates; the genus is principally developed in the Mediterranean See also:

AREA

area and western Asia. Cuscuta contains nearly roo species in the warmer and temperate regions; two are native in See also:

BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain. The tubers of Ipomaea See also:

Bat at as are See also:

rich in See also:

STARCH

starch and See also:

SUGAR

sugar, and, as the " sweet See also:

potato," form one of the most widely distributed foods in the warmer parts of the earth. Several members of the order are used medicinally for the strong purging properties of the milky juice (latex) which they contain; See also:

SCAMMONY

scammony is the dried latex from the underground stem of Convolvulus Scammonia, a native of the See also:

LEVANT

Levant, while See also:

JALAP

jalap is the product of the tubercles of Exogonium Purga, a native of See also:

Mexico. Species of Ipomaea (morning glory), Convolvulus and Calystegia are cultivated as ornamental plants.

Convolvulus arvensis (bindweed) is a pest in See also:

FIELDS, JAMES THOMAS (1817-1881)

fields and gardens on See also:

account of its wide-spreading underground stem, and many of the dodders (Cuscuta) cause damage to crops.

End of Article: CONVOLVULACEAE

Additional information and Comments

There are no comments yet for this article.

» Add information or comments to this article.

Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.

Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.

Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.

[back]
CONVOCATION (Lat. convocatio, a calling together)

[next]
CONVOY