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See also:DAGUERRE, See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
LOUIS JACQUES MANDE (1789-1851) , See also:French painter and physicist, inventor of the daguerreotype, was See also:born at Cormeilles, in the See also:department of See also:Seine-et-See also:Oise, and died on the 12th of See also:July 1851 at See also:Petit-See also:Brie-sur-See also:Marne, near See also:Paris. He was at first occupied as an inland See also:revenue officer, but soon took to See also:scene-See also:painting for the See also:opera. He assisted See also:Pierre See also:Prevost (1764—1823) in the See also:execution of panoramic views of See also:Rome, See also:Naples, See also:London, See also:Jerusalem, and See also:Athens, and subsequently (July ii, 1822), in See also:conjunction with Bouton, he opened at Paris the Diorama (See also:Sis, See also:double; opa/See also:ea, view), an See also:exhibition of pictorial views; the effect of which was heightened by changes in the See also:light thrown upon them. An See also:establishment similar to that at Paris was opened by Daguerre in See also:Regent's See also:Park, London. On the 3rd of See also:March 1839 the Diorama, together with the See also:work on which Daguerre was then engaged, was destroyed by See also:fire. This See also:reverse of See also:fortune was soon, however, more than compensated for by the distinction he achieved as the inventor of the daguerreotype photographic See also:process. J. Nicephore See also:Niepce, who since 1814 had been seeking a means of obtaining permanent pictures by the See also:action of sunlight, learned in 1826 that Daguerre was similarly occupied. In 1829 he communicated to Daguerre particulars of his method of fixing the images produced in the See also:camera lucida by making use of metallic plates coated with a See also:composition of See also:asphalt and oil of See also:lavender; this, where acted on, by the light, remained undissolved when the See also:plate was plunged into a mixture of See also:petroleum and oil of lavender, and the development of the See also:image was effected by the action of acids and other chemical reagents on the exposed See also:surface of the plate. The two investigators laboured together in the See also:production of their heliographic pictures " from 1829 until the See also:death of Niepce in 1833. Daguerre, continuing his experiments, discovered eventually the process connected with his name. This, as he described it, consists of five operations: the polishing of the See also:silver plate; the coating of the plate with iodide of silver by submitting it for about ?o minutes to the action of See also:iodine vapour; the See also:projection of the image of the See also:object upon the See also:golden-coloured iodized surface; the development of the latent image by means of the vapour. of See also:mercury; and, lastly, the fixing of the picture by immersing the plate in a. See also:solution of See also:sodium " hyposulphite " (sodium thiosulphate). On the 9th of See also:January 1839, at a See also:- MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)
meeting of the See also:Academy of Sciences, See also:Arago dwelt on the importance of the See also:discovery of the daguerreotype; and, in consequence of the representations made by him and See also:Gay Lussac to the French See also:government, Daguerre was on the 15th of See also:June appointed an officer of the See also:Legion of See also:Honour. On the same See also:day a See also:bill was presented to the See also:chambers, according to the provisions of which
Daguerre and the See also:heir of Niepce were to receive annuities of 6000 and 4000 francs respectively, on the See also:condition that their process should be made known to the Academy. The bill having been approved at the meetings of the two chambers on the 9th of July and on the end of See also:August, Daguerre's process, together with his See also:system of transparent and opaque painting, was published by the government, and soon became generally known
(see See also:PHOTOGRAPHY).
Daguerre's Historique et description See also:des precedes du daguerreotype et du diorama (Paris, 1839) passed through several See also:editions, and was translated into See also:English. Besides this he wrote an See also:octavo work, entitled Nouveau moyen de prepares la couche sensible des plaques destines a recevoir See also:les images photographiques (Paris, 1844).
End of Article: DAGUERRE, LOUIS JACQUES MANDE (1789-1851)
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