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JAIPUR, or JEYPORE

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 129 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JAIPUR, or JEYPORE , a See also:city and native See also:state of See also:India in the See also:Rajputana agency. The city is a prosperous See also:place of comparatively See also:recent date. It derives its name from the famous Maharaja Jai Singh II., who founded it in 1728. It is built of See also:pink See also:stucco in See also:imitation of See also:sandstone, and is remarkable for the width and regularity of its streets. It is the only city in India that is laid out in rectangular blocks, and it is divided by See also:cross streets into six equal portions. The See also:main streets are 111 ft. wide and are paved, while the city is lighted by See also:gas. The regularity of See also:plan, and the straight streets with the houses all built after the same See also:pattern, deprive Jaipur of the See also:charm of the See also:East, while the painted mud walls of the houses give it the meretricious See also:air of See also:stage scenery. The huge See also:palace of the maharaja stands in the centre of the city. Another noteworthy See also:building is Jai Singh's See also:observatory. The See also:chief See also:industries are in metals and See also:marble, which are fostered by a school of See also:art, founded in 1868. There is also a wealthy and enterprising community of native bankers. The city • has three colleges and several hospitals.

Pop. (1901), 160,167. The See also:

ancient See also:capital of Jaipur was See also:Amber. The STATE OF JAIPUR, which takes its name from the city, has a See also:total See also:area of 15,579 sq. m. Pop. (1901), 2, 658, 666, showing a decrease of 6 % in the See also:decade. The estimated See also:revenue is £430,000, and the See also:tribute £27,000. The centre of the state is a sandy and barren See also:plain 1,600 ft. above See also:sea-level, bounded on the E. by ranges of hills See also:running See also:north and See also:south. On the N. and W. it is bounded by a broken See also:chain of hills, an offshoot of the Aravalli mountains, beyond which lies the sandy See also:desert of Rajputana. The See also:soil is generally sandy. The hills are more or less covered with See also:jungle trees, of no value except for See also:fuel. Towards the S. and E. the soil becomes more fertile.

See also:

Salt is largely manufactured and exported from the Sambhar See also:lake, which is worked by the See also:government of India under an arrangement with the states of Jaipur and See also:Jodhpur. It yields salt of a very high quality. The state is traversed by the Rajputana railway, with branches to See also:Agra and See also:Delhi. The maharaja of Jaipur belongs to the Kachwaha See also:clan of Rajputs, claiming descent from Rama, See also:king of See also:Ajodhya. The state is said to have been founded about 1128 by Dhula Rai, from See also:Gwalior, who with his Kachwahas is said to have absorbed or driven out the See also:petty chiefs. The Jaipur See also:house furnished to the Moguls some of their most distinguished generals. Among them were See also:Man Singh, who fought in See also:Orissa and See also:Assam; Jai Singh, commonly known by his imperial See also:title of Mirza See also:Raja, whose name appears in all the See also:wars of See also:Aurangzeb in the See also:Deccan; and Jai Singh II., or Sawai Jai Singh, the famous mathematician and astronomer, and the founder of Jaipur city. Towards the end of the 18th See also:century the See also:Jats of See also:Bharatpur and the chief of See also:Alwar each annexed a portion of the territory of Jaipur. By the end of the century the state was in See also:great confusion, distracted by See also:internal broils and impoverished by the exactions of the See also:Mahrattas. The disputes between the chiefs of Jaipur and Jodhpur had brought both states to the See also:verge of ruin, and See also:Amir See also:Khan with the See also:Pindaris was exhausting the See also:country. By a treaty in 1818 the See also:protection of the See also:British was extended to Jaipur and an See also:annual tribute fixed. In 1835 there was a serious disturbance in the city, after which the British government took See also:measures to insist upon See also:order and to reform the See also:administration as well as to support its effective See also:action; and the state has gradually become well-governed and prosperous.

During the See also:

Mutiny of 18J7 the maharaja assisted the British in every way that See also:lay in his See also:power. Maharaja Madho Singh, G.C.S.I., G.C.V.O., was See also:born in 1861, and succeeded in 1882. He is distinguished for his enlightened administration and his patronage of art. He was one of the princes who visited See also:England at the See also:time of King See also:Edward's See also:coronation in 1902. It was he who started and endowed with a donation of 15 lakhs, afterwards increased to 20 lakhs, of rupees (£133,000) the " See also:Indian See also:People's See also:Famine Fund." The Jaipur imperial service transport See also:corps saw service in the See also:Chitral and See also:Tirah See also:campaigns.

End of Article: JAIPUR, or JEYPORE

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