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JODHPUR, or MARWAR

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 428 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JODHPUR, or MARWAR , a native See also:state of See also:India, in the See also:Rajputana agency. See also:Area, 34,963 sq. m. Pop. (1901), 1,935,565, showing a decrease of 23% in the See also:decade, due to the results of See also:famine. Estimated See also:revenue, £373,600; See also:tribute, £14,000. The See also:general aspect of the See also:country is that of a sandy See also:plain, divided into two unequal parts by the See also:river Luni, and dotted with picturesque conical hills, attaining in places an See also:elevation of 3000 ft. The river Luni is the See also:principal feature in the See also:physical aspects of Jodhpur. One of its See also:head-streams rises in the sacred See also:lake of See also:Pushkar in See also:Ajmere, and the See also:main river flows through Jodhpur in a See also:south-See also:westerly direction till it is finally lost in the marshy ground at the head of the Runn of See also:Cutch. It is fed by numerous tributaries and occasionally overflows its See also:banks, See also:fine crops of See also:wheat and See also:barley being grown on the saturated See also:soil. Its See also:water is, as a See also:rule, saline or brackish, but comparatively sweet water is obtained from See also:wells sunk at a distance of 20 or 30 yds. from the river See also:bank. The famous See also:salt-lake of Sambhar is situated on the See also:borders of Jodhpur and See also:Jaipur, and two smaller lakes of the same description See also:lie within the limits of the state, from which large quantities of salt are extracted. See also:Marble is See also:mined in the See also:north of the state and along the south-See also:east border.

The See also:

population consists of Rathor Rajputs (who See also:form the ruling class), Brahmans, Charans, Bhats, Mahajans or traders, and See also:Jats. The Charans, a sacred See also:race, hold large religious grants of See also:land, and enjoy See also:peculiar immunities as traders in See also:local produce. The Bhats are by profession genealogists, but also engage in See also:trade. Marwari traders are an enterprising class to be found throughout the length and breadth of India. The principal crops are millets and pulses, but wheat and barley are largely produced in the fertile See also:tract watered by the Luni river. The manufactures comprise See also:leather boxes and See also:brass utensils; and turbans and scarfs and a description of embroidered See also:silk knotted See also:thread are specialities of the country. The Maharaja belongs to the Rathor See also:clan of Rajputs. The See also:family See also:chronicles relate that after the downfall of the Rathor See also:dynasty of See also:Kanauj in 1194, See also:Sivaji, the See also:grandson of jai Chand, the last See also:king of Kanauj, entered Marwar on a See also:pilgrimage to Dwarka, and on halting at the See also:town of See also:Pali he and his followers settled there to protect the See also:Brahman community from the See also:constant raids of marauding bands. The Rathor See also:chief thus laid the See also:foundation of the state, but it was not till the See also:time of See also:Rao See also:Chanda, the tenth in See also:succession from Sivaji, that Marwar was actually conquered. His grandson Jodha founded the See also:city of Jodhpur, which he made his See also:capital. In 1561 the country was invaded by See also:Akbar, and the chief was forced to submit, and to send his son as a See also:mark of See also:homage to take service under the See also:Mogul See also:emperor. When this son Udai Singh succeeded to the chiefship, he gave his See also:sister Jodhbai in See also:marriage to Akbar, and was rewarded by the restoration of most of his former possessions.

Udai Singh's son, Gaj Singh, held high service under Akbar, and conducted successful expeditions in See also:

Gujarat and the See also:Deccan. The bigoted and intolerant See also:Aurangzeb invaded Marwar in 1679, plundered Jodhpur, sacked all the large towns, and commanded the See also:conversion of the Rathors to Mahommedanism. This cemented all the See also:Rajput clans into a See also:bond of See also:union, and a triple See also:alliance was formed by the three states of Jodhpur, See also:Udaipur and Jaipur, to throw off the See also:Mahommedan yoke. One of the conditions of this affiance was that the chiefs of Jodhpur and Jaipur should regain the See also:privilege of marriage with the Udaipur family, which they had forfeited by contracting alliances with the Mogul emperors, on the understanding that the offspring of Udaipur princesses should succeed to the state in preference to all other See also:children. The quarrels arising from this stipulation lasted through many generations, and led to the invitation of Mahratta help from the See also:rival aspirants to See also:power, and finally to the subjection of all the Rajput states to the See also:Mahrattas. Jodhpur was conquered by Sindhia, who levied a tribute of £6o,000, and took from it the fort and town of Ajmere. Internecine disputes and succession See also:wars disturbed the See also:peace of the See also:early years of the See also:century, until in See also:January 1818 Jodhpur was taken under See also:British See also:protection. In 1839 the misgovernment of the See also:raja led to an insurrection which compelled the interference of the British. In 1843, the chief having died without a son, and without having adopted an See also:heir, the nobles and state officials were See also:left to select a successor from the nearest of See also:kin. Their choice See also:fell upon Raja Takht Sinh, chief of See also:Ahmednagar. This chief, who did See also:good service during the See also:Mutiny, died in 1873. Maharaja Jaswant Singh, who died in 1896, was a very enlightened ruler.

His See also:

brother, See also:Sir See also:Pertab Singh (q.v.), conducted the See also:administration until his See also:nephew, Sardar Singh, came of See also:age in 1898. The imperial service See also:cavalry formed See also:part of the reserve See also:brigade during the See also:Tirah See also:campaign. The state maintains a railway See also:running to See also:Bikanir, and there is also a See also:branch railway into See also:Sind. See also:Gold, See also:silver and See also:copper See also:money is coined. The state emblems are a jhar or sprig of seven branches and a khanda or See also:sword. Jodhpur practically escaped the See also:plague, but it suffered more severely than any other part of Rajputana from the famine of 1899-19o0. In See also:February 1900 more than rro,000 persons were in See also:receipt of famine See also:relief. The city of JODHPUR is 64 M. by See also:rail N.W. of Marwar junction,on the Rajputana railway. Pop. (lgoi), 60,437. It was built by Rao Jodha in 1459, and from that time has been the seat of See also:government. It is surrounded by a strong See also:wall nearly 6 m. in extent, with seventy See also:gates.

The fort, which stands on an isolated See also:

rock, contains the maharaja's See also:palace, a large and handsome See also:building, completely covering the See also:crest of the See also:hill on which it stands, and overlooking the city, which lies several See also:hundred feet below. The city contains palaces of the maharaja, and town residences of the th¢kurs or nobles, besides numerous fine temples and tanks. Building See also:stone is plentiful and See also:close at See also:hand, and the See also:architecture is solid and handsome. Three See also:miles north of Jodhpur are the ruins of Mandor, the site of the See also:ancient capital of the Parihar princes of Marwar, before its See also:conquest by the Rathors. See also:Mills for grinding See also:flour and crushing See also:grain have been constructed for the imperial service troops. The Jaswant See also:college is affiliated to the B.A. See also:standard of the See also:Allahabad university. To the Hewson See also:hospital a wing for See also:eye diseases was added in 1898, and the Jaswant hospital for See also:women is under an See also:English See also:lady See also:doctor.

End of Article: JODHPUR, or MARWAR

Additional information and Comments

In the rajasthan turben is one of the most populer.It was wear by king of fort before many cetury.Now any one can wear turben.That is one of the most important part in indian traditional.Now we have many types of turbes.Turbens are wearing in Marrige,fastivals and many peoples are wear in rutin. From -: Shrayansh Jain Rishabh trading co. (jodhpur) 91-09351716661
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