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JEBEIL (anc. Gebal-Byblus)

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 299 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JEBEIL (anc. Gebal-Byblus) , a See also:town of See also:Syria pleasantly situated on a slight See also:eminence near the See also:sea, about 20 M. N. of See also:Beirut. It is surrounded by a See also:wall 11- m. in circumference, with square towers at the angles, and a See also:castle at the See also:south-See also:east corner. Numerous broken See also:granite columns in the gardens and vineyards that surround the town, with the number of ruined houses within the walls, testify to its former importance. The See also:stele of Jehawmelek, See also:king of Gebal, found here, is one of the most important of Phoenician monuments. The small See also:port is almost choked up with See also:sand and ruins. Pop. 3000, all Moslems. The inhabitants of the Phoenician Gebal and See also:Greek Byblus were renowned as stonecutters and See also:ship-builders. See also:Arrian (ii. 20.1) represents Enylus, king of Byblus, as joining See also:Alexander with a See also:fleet, after that monarch had captured the See also:city.

See also:

Philo of Byblus makes it the most See also:ancient city of See also:Phoenicia, founded by Cronus, i.e. the See also:Moloch who appears from the stele of Jehawmelek to have been with Baalit the See also:chief deity of the city. According to See also:Plutarch (Mon. 357), the See also:ark with the See also:corpse of See also:Osiris was castashore at Byblus, and there found by See also:Isis. The orgies of See also:Adonis in the See also:temple of Baalit (See also:Aphrodite Byblia) are described by See also:Lucian, De See also:Dee Syr., cap. vi. The See also:river Adonis is the Nahr al-See also:Ibrahim, which flows near the town. The crusaders, after failing before it in 1099, captured " Giblet " in 1103, but lost it again to See also:Saladin in 1189. Under See also:Mahommedan See also:rule it has gradually decayed. (D. G.

End of Article: JEBEIL (anc. Gebal-Byblus)

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JEBEL (plur. jibed)

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