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PHILIP HENRY STANHOPE

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Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 775 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PHILIP See also:HENRY See also:STANHOPE , 5th See also:EARL STANHOPE (1805-1875) See also:English historian, better known as See also:Lord Mahon, son of the 4th earl and his wife, the daughter of the 1st See also:Baron See also:Carrington, was See also:born on the 3oth of See also:January 1805. He took his degree at See also:Christ See also:Church, See also:Oxford, in 1827, and entered See also:parliament in 183o. He was under secretary for See also:foreign affairs for the See also:early months of 1835, and secretary to the See also:India See also:Board in 1845, but though he remained in the See also:House of See also:Commons till 1852, he made no See also:special See also:mark in politics. He was chiefly interested in literature and antiquities, and in 1842 took a prominent See also:part in passing the See also:Copyright See also:Act. He was a trustee of the See also:British Museum, and in 1856 he proposed the See also:foundation of a See also:National Portrait See also:Gallery; its subsequent creation was due to his executors. It was mainly due to him that in 1869 the See also:Historical See also:Manuscripts See also:Commission was started. As See also:president of the Society of Antiquaries (from 1846 onwards), it was he who called See also:attention in See also:England to the need of supporting the excavations at See also:Troy. And in 1855 he founded the Stanhope See also:essay See also:prize at Oxford. Of his own See also:works the most important are his See also:Life of See also:Belisarius (1829); See also:History of the See also:War of See also:Succession in See also:Spain (1832), largely based on the first earl's papers; History of England from the See also:Peace of See also:Utrecht to the Peace of See also:Versailles (1836-1853); Life of See also:William See also:Pitt (1861-1862); and History of England, comprising the reign of See also:Queen See also:Anne until the Peace of Utrecht (187o). A new edition of this last See also:work was published in 1908. The two histories and the Life of Pitt are of See also:great importance on See also:account of Stanhope's unique See also:access to See also:manuscript authorities, and they remain See also:standard works; and though here and there he has been found to give See also:credit for too much to Lord See also:Chatham, his See also:industry, clear though not brilliant See also:style, and See also:general impartiality in See also:criticism, have been deservedly praised. His position as an historian was already established when he succeeded to the earldom in 1855, and in 1872 he was made an honorary See also:associate of the See also:Institute of See also:France.

He was president of the See also:

Literary Fund from 1863 until his See also:death. He died on the 24th of See also:December 1875, being succeeded as 6th earl by his son See also:Arthur Philip (1838-19o5), See also:father of the 7th earl. His second son, See also:Edward Stanhope (1840-1893), was a well-known Conservative politician, who filled various important offices, and was finally secretary of See also:state for war (1886-1892).

End of Article: PHILIP HENRY STANHOPE

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