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See also:STANHOPE, EARLS . See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
JAMES STANHOPE, ISt See also:EARL STANHOPE (c. 1673-1721), See also:English statesman and soldier, was the eldest son of See also:Alexander Stanhope (d. 1707), a son of See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip Stanhope, 1st earl of See also:Chesterfield. Educated at See also:Eton and at Trinity See also:College, See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford, he accompanied his See also:father, then See also:British See also:minister at See also:Madrid, to See also:Spain in 1690, and obtained some knowledge of that See also:country which was very useful to him in later See also:life. A little later, however, he went to See also:Italy where, as afterwards in See also:Flanders,
he served as a volunteer against See also:France, and in 1695 he secured a See also:commission in the British See also:army. In 1701 Stanhope entered the See also:House of See also:Commons, but he continued his career as a soldier and was in Spain and See also:Portugal during the earlier stages of the See also:War of the See also:Spanish See also:Succession. In 1705 he served in Spain under See also:Charles Mordaunt, earl of See also:Peterborough, and in 1706 he was appointed British minister in Spain, but his duties were still military as well as See also:diplomatic, and in 1708, after some See also:differences with Peterborough, who favoured defensive See also:measures only, he was made See also:commander-in-See also:chief of the British forces in that country. Taking the offensive he captured See also:Port Mahon, See also:Minorca, and after a visit to See also:England, where he took See also:part in the See also:impeachment of See also:Sacheverell, he returned to Spain and in 1710 helped to win the battles of Almenara and of See also:Saragossa, his perseverance enabling the See also:archduke Charles to enter Madrid in See also:September. However, at Brihuega he was overwhelmed by the See also:French and was forced to capitulate on the 9th of See also:December 1710. He remained a prisoner in Spain for over a See also:year and returned to England in See also:August 1712. ' He now definitely abandoned the army for politics, and became one of the leaders of the Whig opposition in the House of Commons. He had his See also:share in establishing the house of See also:Hanover on the See also:throne, and in September 1714 he was appointed secretary of See also:state for the See also:southern See also:department, sharing with See also:Walpole the leadership of the House of Commons. He was mainly responsible for the measures which were instrumental in crushing the Jacobite See also:rebellion of 1715, and he forwarded the passing of the Septennial See also:Act. He acted as See also:George I.'s See also:foreign minister, and only just failed to conclude a treaty of See also:alliance with France in 1716. In 1717, consequent on changes in the See also:ministry, Stanhope was made first See also:lord of the See also:treasury, but a year later he returned to his former See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office of secretary for the southern department. In 1717 he was created See also:Viscount Stanhope of Mahon and in 1718 Earl Stanhope. His activity was now shown in the conclusion of the quadruple alliance between England, France, See also:Austria and See also:- HOLLAND
- HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
- HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
- HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
- HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
- HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
- HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
- HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART
Holland in 1718, and in obtaining See also:peace for See also:Sweden, when threatened by See also:Russia and See also:Denmark, while at See also:home he promoted the See also:bill to limit the membership of the House of Lords. Just after the collapse of the See also:South See also:Sea See also:- SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)
Scheme, for which he was partly responsible but from which he did not profit, the earl died in See also:London on the 5th of See also:February 1721. Stanhope married See also:Lucy, daughter of See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas See also:Pitt, See also:governor of See also:Madras, and he was succeeded by his eldest son Philip (1717-1786), a distinguished mathematician and a See also:fellow of the Royal Society.
End of Article: STANHOPE, EARLS
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