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SAN SEBASTIAN (Basque Iruchulo)

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Originally appearing in Volume V24, Page 155 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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See also:

SAN See also:SEBASTIAN (Basque Iruchulo) , a seaport and the See also:capital of the See also:Spanish See also:province of Guipilzcoa, on the See also:Bay of See also:Biscay, and on the See also:Northern railway from See also:Madrid to See also:France. Pop. (19oo) 37,812. In 1886 San Sebastian became the summer See also:residence of the See also:court. The influx of visitors, attracted by the presence of the royal See also:family, by the prolonged See also:local festivities, the See also:bull-fights and the bathing, increases the number of the inhabitants in summer to about 50,000. The See also:city occupies a narrow sandy See also:peninsula, which terminates on the northern or seaward See also:side in a lofty See also:mass of See also:sandstone, See also:Monte Urgull; it is flanked on the See also:east by the See also:estuary of the See also:river Urumea, on the See also:west by the broad bay of La Concha. The old See also:town, rebuilt after the See also:fire of 1813, lies partly at the See also:foot of Monte Urgull, partly on its See also:lower slopes. Until 1863 it was enclosed by walls and ramparts, and a strong fort, the See also:Castillo de la Mola, still crowns the heights of Urgull. There are also batteries and redoubts facing landward and seaward below this fort; but the other defences have been either razed or dismantled. The See also:Alameda, one of many See also:fine avenues, was laid out on the site of the See also:chief landward See also:wall, and separates the old town from the new—in which the houses are uniformly See also:modern, and built in straight streets or See also:regular See also:series of squares. The bay of La Concha has a broad sandy See also:shore, the See also:Playa de Banos, admirable for bathing and sheltered from See also:sea-winds by the rocky islet of See also:Santa See also:Clara. Its centre is faced by the See also:casino, a handsome See also:building, and the summer See also:palace and See also:park of Miramar occupy the rising ground towards its western extremity.

The other noteworthy buildings are the bull-See also:

ring, capable of seating 10,000 spectators, the See also:theatre, fine provincial and municipal halls, See also:barracks, a See also:hospital, a Jesuit See also:college, the See also:American See also:International School for girls, and many other See also:schools. There are numerous breweries, saw and See also:flour See also:mills, and manufactures of preserves, See also:soap, candles, See also:glass and See also:paper, especially in the busy suburb that has sprung up on the right See also:bank of the Urumea. The See also:fisheries are important. The See also:harbour consists of three artificial basins, opening into La Concha Bay, and situated in the midst of the old town; it is chiefly frequented by See also:coasting and fishing vessels, and cannot accommodate large See also:ships. From its position near the frontier San Sebastian was See also:long a first-class fortress, and has sustained many sieges. 'I he last and most memorable was in See also:August 1813, when the allied See also:British, Portuguese and Spanish armies under See also:Lord See also:Wellington captured the city from the See also:French, and then sacked and burned it.

End of Article: SAN SEBASTIAN (Basque Iruchulo)

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