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ARNDT, JOHANN (1555-1621)

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Originally appearing in Volume V02, Page 628 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ARNDT, JOHANN (1555-1621) , See also:German Lutheran theologian, was See also:born at See also:Ballenstedt, in See also:Anhalt, and studied in several See also:universities. He was at Helmstadt in 1576; at See also:Wittenberg in 1577. At Wittenberg the crypto-Calvinist controversy was then at its height, and he took the See also:side of See also:Melanchthon and the crypto-Calvinists. He continued his studies in See also:Strassburg, under the See also:professor of See also:Hebrew, Johannes Pappus (1549-161o), a zealous Lutheran, the See also:crown of whose See also:life's See also:work was the forcible suppression of Calvinistic See also:preaching' and See also:worship in the See also:city, and who had See also:great See also:influence over him. In See also:Basel, again, he studied See also:theology under See also:Simon Sulzer (1508-1585), a broad-minded divine of Lutherah sympathies, whose aim was to reconcile the churches of the Helvetic and Wittenberg confessions. In 1581 he went back to Ballenstedt, but was soon recalled to active life by his See also:appointment to the pastorate at Badeborn in 1583. After some See also:time his Lutheran tendencies exposed him to the anger of the authorities, who were of the Reformed See also:Church. Consequently, in 1590 he was deposed for refusing to remove the pictures from his church and discontinue the use of See also:exorcism in See also:baptism. He found an See also:asylum in Quedlinburg (1590), and afterwards was transferred to St See also:Martin's church at See also:Brunswick (1599). Arndt's fame rests on his writings. These were mainly of a mystical and devotional See also:kind, and were inspired by St See also:Bernard, J. See also:Tauler and See also:Thomas a Kempis.

His See also:

principal work, Wakres Christentum (16o6-16og), which has been translated into most See also:European See also:languages, has served as the See also:foundation of many books of devotion, both See also:Roman See also:Catholic and See also:Protestant. Arndt here dwells upon the mystical See also:union between the believer and See also:Christ, and endeavours, by See also:drawing See also:attention to Christ's life in His See also:people, to correct the purely forensic side of the See also:Reformation theology, which paid almost exclusive attentionto Christ's See also:death for His people. Like See also:Luther, Arndt was very fond of the little See also:anonymous See also:book, Deutsche Theologie. He published an edition of it and called attention to its merits in a See also:special See also:preface. After Wahres Christentum, his best-known work is Paradiesgartlein aller christlichen Tugenden, which was published in 1612. Both these books have been translated into See also:English; Paradiesgartlein with the See also:title the See also:Garden of See also:Paradise. Several of his sermons are published in R. Nesselmann's See also:Buck der Predigten (1858). Arndt has always been held in very high repute by the German Pietists. The founder of See also:Pietism, Philipp See also:Jacob Spener, repeatedly called attention to him and his writings, and even went so far as to compare him with See also:Plato (cf. Karl See also:Scheele, Plato and Johann Arndt, Ein Vortrag, &c., 1857). A collected edition of his See also:works was published in See also:Leipzig and See also:Gorlitz in 1734.

A valuable See also:

account of Arndt is to be found in C. Aschmann's Essai sur la See also:vie, &c., de J. Arndt. See further, See also:Herzog-Hauck, Realencyklopadie.

End of Article: ARNDT, JOHANN (1555-1621)

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