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BRAMANTE, or BRAMANTE

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 418 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BRAMANTE, or BRAMANTE LAllARI (c. 1444-1514), See also:Italian architect and painter, whose real name was Donato d'Augnolo, was See also:born at See also:Monte-Asdrualdo in See also:Urbino, in See also:July 1444• He showed a See also:great See also:taste for See also:drawing, and was at an See also:early See also:age placed under Fra Bartolommeo, called Fra Carnavale. But though he afterwards gained some fame as a painter, his See also:attention was soon absorbed by See also:architecture. He appears to have studied under Scirro Scirri, an architect in his native See also:place, and perhaps under other masters. He then set out from Urbino, and proceeded through several of the towns of See also:Lombardy, executing See also:works of various magnitudes, and examining patiently all remains of See also:ancient See also:art. At last, attracted by the fame of the great Duomo, he reached See also:Milan, where he remained from 1476 to 1499. He seems to have See also:left Milan for See also:Rome about 1500. He painted some frescoes at Rome, and devoted himself to the study of the ancient buildings, both in the See also:city and as far See also:south as See also:Naples. About this See also:time the See also:Cardinal Caraffa commissioned him to rebuild the See also:cloister of the See also:Convent See also:delta See also:Pace. Owing to the celerity and skill with which Bramante did this, the cardinal introduced him to See also:Pope See also:Alexander VI. He began to be consulted on nearly all the great architectural operations in Rome, and executed for the pope the See also:palace of the Cancelleria or See also:chancery. Under See also:Julius II., Alexander's successor, Bramante's talents began to obtain adequate See also:sphere of exercise.

His first large See also:

work was to unite the straggling buildings of the palace and the See also:Belvedere. This he accomplished by means of two See also:long galleries or corridors enclosing a See also:court. The See also:design was only in See also:part completed before the See also:death of Julius and of the architect. So impatient was the pope and so eager was Bramante, that the See also:foundations were not sufficiently well attended to; great part of it had, therefore, soon to be rebuilt, and the whole is now so much altered that it is hardly possible to decipher the See also:original design. Besides executing numerous smaller works at Rome and See also:Bologna, among which is specially mentioned by older writers a See also:round See also:temple in the cloister of See also:San Pietro-a-Montorio, Bramante was called upon by Pope Julius to take the first part in one of the greatest architectural enterprises ever attempted—the rebuilding of St See also:Peter's. Bramante's designs were See also:complete, and he pushed on the work so fast that before his death he had erected the four great piers ,and their See also:arches, and completed the See also:cornice and the vaulting in of this portion. He also vaulted in the See also:principal See also:chapel. After his death on the See also:lath of See also:March 1514, his design was much altered, in particular by See also:Michelangelo. See Pungileoni, Memoire intorno alla vita ed alle opere di Bramante (Rome, 1836) ; H. See also:Semper, Donato Bramante (See also:Leipzig, 1879).

End of Article: BRAMANTE, or BRAMANTE

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